高考英语复习语法专项提升专题六时态语态市赛课公开课一等奖省名师优质课获奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,1/60,普通体,（一）普通现在时,1.表示现在习惯动作或存在状态。,He,gets up,at six in the morning.(习惯动作),他天天早晨六点钟起床。,He is always,ready to,help others.（现在状态）,他总是乐于助人。,2.表示客观真理、科学事实。,The sun,rises,in the east and,sets,in the west.,太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。,2/60,3.可用在由if，unless引导条件状语从句；由even if/though 引导让步状语从句；由when，before，until/till，as soon as，the moment 引导时间状语从句；由no matter what/who/when/where/how 或whatever，whoever 等引导让步状语从句中，这时主句往往表未来或主句是祈使句。,Whatever you say,，I will not change my mind.,不论你说什么，我都不会改变主意。,3/60,（二）普通过去时,普通过去时表示过去事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去时间状语连用(或上下文语境有暗示)；用于表示过去习惯；表示“原认为/原来认为/原希望”等意义时，know,think,expect等动词惯用普通过去时。,4/60,（湖南高考）In 1492,Columbus landed on one of the Bahama Islands,but he mistook it for an island off India.,1492年哥伦布登上了巴哈马群岛中一个岛屿，不过他却把它误看成是印度附近一个岛屿。,I didnt expect to meet you here.,我没料到会在这里遇见你。,5/60,(三)普通未来时,1.“will+动词原形”表示现在看来以后要发生动作或存在状态或一个倾向。,Tom,will come back,next week.,汤姆下周回来。,Fish,will die,without water.,离开水，鱼就会死。,2.“be going to+动词原形”多用于口语中，表示“计划、打算要做某事”，另外，be going to 还可表示依据现在迹象，对未来进行推测。,He,is going to speak,on TV this evening.,他计划今晚发表电视讲话。,6/60,Look at the dark clouds.It,is going to rain,.,看这乌云，要下雨了。,3.“be about to+动词原形”表示很快未来，常译成“正要，就要”。,The train,is about to start,.,火车就要开了。,4.有些动词如come,go,start,leave,begin,stay,arrive等常可用进行时表示按计划安排即将发生事。,They,are leaving for,Nanjing tomorrow.,他们明天去南京。,7/60,（一）现在完成时,1.现在完成时表示一个动作开始于过去，连续到现在（可能还将连续下去）。表示从过去到现在并包含现在在内一段时间状语有：during/in/over the last(past)few years(months，weeks)，in recent years,so far,up till now，since then,recently等。,完成体,8/60,(陕西卷)His first novel,has received good reviews,since it came out last month.,自上月出版以来，他第一部小说受到好评。,In the past few years,great changes,have taken place,in my hometown.,在过去几年里，我故乡发生了巨大改变。,He,has been busy,writing a book recently.,最近他在忙着写一本书。,9/60,2.现在完成时还可表示一个动作发生在过去，但其结果和影响延续到现在。说话者重心是过去动作对现在影响。惯用状语already,yet,just,never,before等。,He,has turned off,the light.（=The light is off now.）,他关了灯。,The concert,has started,.(=The concert is on now.),音乐会开始了。,I,have already,seen the film.(=I know the film now.),我看过这部电影。,10/60,3.在条件、时间、让步状语从句中，表示未来某时以前已完成动作。,I will not believe you,unless I have seen,it with my own eyes.,除非我亲眼看到，不然我是不会相信你。,Please dont get off the bus,until it has stopped,.,车未停，请不要下车。,11/60,4.以下句型中惯用现在完成时：,It is(has been)一段时间since从句,This(That/It)is the first(second.)time that完成时,This is the first time we have seen,a film in the cinema together as a family.,这是我们全家第一次到电影院去看电影。,12/60,(二)过去完成时,1.发生在过去某一动作或时间之前动作，惯用过去完成时。过去完成时即“过去过去”。时间状语惯用before或经过语境来表示。,（湖北高考）My mother was so proud of all,that I had done,that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing.,我母亲对我所做一切感到非常骄傲，所以她奖励我去北京旅游。,13/60,2.表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一时间动作，惯用时间状语by then，by the end of，by the time+句子，until，before+过去时间等。,By the end of last year，another new cinema,had been built,in our city.,到去年年底，我们城市又建了一个新电影院。,14/60,3.表示“一就”几个固定句型：Hardly/No sooner/Scarcely had主语过去分词when/than/before从句(普通过去时)。,Hardly had I got,home when the rain poured down.,我刚到家大雨就倾盆而下。,15/60,4.表示愿望、打算类词，如hope，expect，mean，intend，want，think等，用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现愿望或意图等。,I had meant to,help you，but I was too busy at the moment.,我本打算帮助你，但当初我太忙了。,I,had intended to,call on you yesterday，but someone came to see me just when I was about to leave.,我昨天原来要去看你，不过刚要出门就有些人来访。,16/60,(三)未来完成时,未来完成时表示到未来某一时间，某一动作将会完成，惯用时间状语by+未来某个时间。,By this time of next year,all of you,will have become,college students.,到明年这个时候，你们大家就都成大学生了。,17/60,进行体,（一）现在进行时,1.现在进行时表示说话时正在发生着一个动作；或表示现阶段时一个动作；表近期特定安排或计划；go，come等表示起止动作动词可用进行时代替未来时。,Teenagers,are damaging,their health because they play computer games too much.,青少年们正在损害自己健康，因为他们花太多时间玩电脑游戏。,I dont really work here;I,am just helping out,until the new secretary arrives.,实际上，我不在这儿上班，我只是来帮忙，直到新秘书到岗（我就走）。,18/60,2.现在进行时和always,constant,still等副词连用，表示重复出现或习惯性动作，往往含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等情绪。,He,is always thinking of,others first.(表赞赏),他总是先为他人着想。,He,is always making,the same mistake.(表厌烦),他总是犯一样错误。,19/60,（二）过去进行时,1.表示当初发展中或正在进行情况。,Hey，look where you are going!,嘿，看看你走哪儿去了！,Oh，Im terribly sorry.I,wasnt noticing,.,噢！非常抱歉！我没注意。,20/60,2.用于由when 或while 引导时间状语从句中，表示过去某一动作正在发生时，另一动作发生了或也正在发生。只有连续性动作才能用过去进行时。,Tom slipped into the house,when no one was looking,.,当没人注意时候，汤姆溜进屋来。,The reporter said that the UFO,was travelling,east to west when he saw it.,那位记者说，当他看到时，不明飞行物正在自东向西飞行。,21/60,（三）未来进行时,未来进行时可用于表示未来某个时刻或者未来某一段时间内正在进行动作。未来进行时常与一些标志性时间状语连用。这些常见标志性状语有：at this time tomorrow/the day after tomorrow，from.to.tomorrow/the day after tomorrow。,Daniels family,will be enjoying,their holiday in Huangshan this time next week.,丹尼尔全家在下个星期这个时候正在黄山度假。,22/60,（四）现在完成进行时,1.表示从过去某时开始一直连续到现在动作，而且现在还在进行。,I,have been learning,English since three years ago.,三年前我就在学英语。(现在还在学),The workers,have been building,the bridge for five months.,工人们建造这座桥已经5个月了。(现在还在修建),23/60,2.表示从过去某时开始一直连续到现在动作，在说话时刚才结束。,Where have you been？We,have been looking for,you everywhere.,你刚才去了哪里？我们一直在处处找你。,24/60,被动语态,（一）被动语态基本组成“be+过去分词”，各种时态被动语态形式，就是把be动词变成各种不一样形式。如：,普通现在时被动语态,am/is/are+过去分词,普经过去时被动语态,was/were+过去分词,普通未来时被动语态,will/shall be+过去分词,现在进行时被动语态,am/is/are being+过去分词,过去进行时被动语态,was/were being+过去分词,现在完成时被动语态,have/has been+过去分词,过去完成时被动语态,had been+过去分词,未来完成时被动语态,will/shall have been+过去分词,25/60,.,（二）被动语态使用方法：,1.不知道谁是动作执行者或无须要指明谁是动作执行者，或需要突出动作承受者或事件本身。如：,George and Lucy got married last week.Did you go to their wedding?,乔治和露西上周结婚了。你去参加婚礼了吗？,No,I,hadnt been invited,.Did they have a big wedding?,没有，没人邀请我。婚礼很盛大吗？,26/60,A new car factory,will be built,in our city.,我们城市要新建一座汽车厂。,A new railway line,is being built.,一条新铁路线正在修建。,Millions of pounds worth of damage,has been caused,by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.,昨晚席卷英格兰北部暴风雨已造成价值数百万英镑损失。,27/60,2.与介词合成动词短语变成被动语态时，要保留其介词。,The old man,was,often,laughed at,.,那位老人常被人嘲笑。,Bad habits have,been done away with,.,坏习惯已经改掉了。,3.get过去分词表被动。,They,got married,last week.,他们上周结婚了。,He fell and,got hurt,.,他摔倒受伤了。,28/60,4.主动形式表被动意义,(1)系动词look，feel，sound，smell，taste，seem，appear，go，prove，turn等形容词/名词。,vIce feels cold.,冰摸上去凉。,His plan proved(to be)practical.,他计划被证实符合实际。,29/60,(2)表示主语某种属性词：read，write，act，cut，draw，drive，sell，wash，clean，wear，open，cook，lock，look，shut等。,The books sell well.,这些书很畅销。,The door wont lock.,门锁不上。,This coat dries easily.,这种外衣轻易干。,The plan worked out wonderfully.,这计划制订得很好。,The engine wont start.,引擎发动不起来。,The pen writes smoothly.,这支钢笔写起来流畅。,30/60,.单句填空,1.Most people who enjoy travelling believe that travel _(benefit)not only our bodies but also our minds.,【解析】句意：很多喜欢旅行人认为旅游好处不但有益于我们身体,而且也有益于我们思想。说是客观事实，所以用普通现在时。,【答案】1.benefits,2.The number of children who contracted colds and visited the hospital _(increased)in the county since last fall.,【解析】句意：自去年秋季以来，此县患感冒儿童数量和到医院看医生人数增加了。句中有时间状语since last fall,表示从去年秋天以来，所以用现在完成时。,【答案】2.has increased,31/60,3.The number of deaths from cancer will be reduced greatly if people _(persuade)to eat more fruits and vegetables.,【解析】句意：假如能说服人们多吃水果和蔬菜，因癌症死亡人数将会大大降低。在条件状语从句中，用现在时代替未来时。,【答案】3.are persuaded,4.The old train station,which is scheduled to stop operations next month,_(turn)into a museum of transportation history.,【解析】句意：老火车站预期下个月停顿运行，到时它将变成一个交通历史博物馆。从句意看，这是一个未来要发生动作，且是被动，所以用未来被动语态。,【答案】4.will be turned,32/60,5.I will come to attend your lecture at 10:00 tomorrow.,Im sorry,by then my lecture will have ended and I _(work)in my office.,【解析】句意：我明天早晨十点来参加你讲座。抱歉,那时我演讲已经结束,我将在我办公室工作。句中有一个表示未来详细时间，所以宜用未来进行时。,【答案】5.will be working,6.By the time you _(complete)the essential training,you will have been exposed to virtually every new feature of the course.,【解析】句意：等到你完成了基本训练时候,你就会接触到课程几乎全部新特征。前半句是时间状语从句，应用现在完成时代替未来完成时，而主句是未来完成时不变。,【答案】6.have completed,33/60,7.According to the report,this virus was never known,which _(claim)countless lives,until it was accidentally found by a doctor.,【解析】句意：据报道,这种曾夺去了无数人生命病毒一直不为人所知，知道被一个医生偶然发觉。用过去完成时表示动作发生在谓语动词was never known之前。,【答案】7.had claimed,8.Customers are asked to make sure that they _(give)the right change before leaving the shop.,【解析】句意：客户被要求在他们离开商店之前要确保找给他们钱是正确。用现在完成时被动形式，表示“零钱已被找付”。,【答案】8.have been given,34/60,9.The last few years _(see)many disasters in and out of China,from earthquake to drought.,【解析】句意：在过去几年里，国内外经历了从地震到干旱很多灾害。本句用是拟人手法，see 意同“experience,witness”,；句中用了the last/past+时间名词时，谓语应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。,【答案】9.have seen,10.When you are home,give a call to let me know you _(arrive)safely.,【解析】句意：当你回到家时打一个电话，让我知道你已安全抵达。When you are home是一个时间状语从句，用是普通现在时代替普通未来时；而主句用现在完成时，表示动作对现在影响。即：已抵达。,【答案】10.have arrived,35/60,11.The truck whose engine was damaged yesterday _(repair)in the garage now.,【解析】“the truck”和“repair”之间是动宾关系，故采取被动语态，由句中时间状语“now”,，可知要使用被动语态进行时。,【答案】11.is being repaired,12.With the powerful reform of educational system,the school where I studied _(change)their way of educating in recent years.,【解析】“学校改变方式”是经典主谓宾结构，所以采取主动语态，谈及近几年里改变，所以采取现在完成时态。,【答案】12.has changed,36/60,13.With tears in her eyes,the old teacher was greatly proud of all that her students _(contribute)to the hometown,the society and the country.,【解析】主句中谓语动词采取过去时态，学生所做贡献就采取过去完成时态。,【答案】13.had contributed,14.What time is it now?,I didnt notice it.Just a minute.I _(check)it for you.,【解析】因为要求“稍等片刻”，“我帮你看看”是接下来要发生动作，故使用普通未来时。,【答案】14.will check,37/60,15.It was said on last nights TV that by then the deaths of the missing people _(confirm).,【解析】句意：据昨晚电视新闻说，截止到当初，失踪人员死亡情况已得到证实。时间状语为by then,，所以应该用过去完成时态被动形式。,【答案】15.had been confirmed,16.Can you attend our group discussion in the third period tomorrow?,Im afraid I cant.I _(write)an experiment report in the lab.,【解析】依据题意可知是未来发生动作，且发生在明天第三节课时候。,【答案】16.will be writing,38/60,17.We _(plan)to give the fresh flowers to you for respect,but they said it didnt fit this occasion.,【解析】依据下文but可知，没有献上鲜花，所以要了解为“本计划”。,【答案】17.had planned,18.We all know he was quite unhappy when he sold his guitar.Think of it.He _(keep)it for many ages.,【解析】在卖掉吉他前，他保留了好多年，即“过去过去”。,【答案】18.had kept,39/60,19.The Chinese government is confident that the air,the drinking water,and the natural environment _(improve)by all citizens further efforts to reduce pollution.,【解析】对未来空气、饮用水和自然环境改进有信心。所以要用未来时态和被动语态，题干中further是一个关键信息词。,【答案】19.will be improved,20.Six hours has passed.The villagers are not back home.They _(search)all the corners for the missing child.,【解析】寻找连续了6个小时，现在还在处处寻找。所以采取完成进行时态。,【答案】20.have been searching,40/60,21.We were going to hold the English Singing Contest on schedule.However,we were told the art hall _(equip)with new devices.,【解析】要用艺术大厅正在安装新设备而不能使用。,【答案】21.was being equipped,22.A fire broke out in the open market.Fortunately,no one _(kill)except a few wounded.,【解析】陈说火灾事故中伤亡情况用普通过去时，因为kill是及物动词，所以此处采取被动结构形式。,【答案】22.was killed,41/60,23.He hopes to visit me tomorrow.But I will be busy.I would rather that he _(come)next week.,【解析】要清楚would rather 后接从句时，包括现在或未来动作，应用普通过去时态。,【答案】23.came,24.Millions of pounds worth of damage _(cause)by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.,【解析】不要看见“last night”就用普通过去时，几百万英镑损失造成，是站在今天角度说，所以要用完成时态。,【答案】24.has been caused,42/60,25.I would have attended your birthday party last night but for the fact that it _(rain)all the time.,【解析】句意：昨晚假如不是因为下雨我就会去参加你生日聚会。前半句是对过去发生之事虚拟，后半句是陈说过去一个客观事实。因为有时间状语all the time,所以用过去进行时，表示动作连续性。,【答案】25.was raining,26.China together with some Asian countries _(strike)by Typhoon Haiyan on November 8th,causing great damage and deaths.,【解析】有详细过去时间受到台风攻击用普通过去时。,【答案】26.was stricken,43/60,27.About one fourth of the families in the city have private cars and this number _(expect)to double in five years.,【解析】句意：城市里大约四分之一家庭有私家车,预计在五年内这个数字将翻一番。主语是this number,，所以谓语动词用单数；依据句意应用被动语态。,【答案】27.is expected,28.Dont be worried about it any longer.It is merely a storm in a teacup.Everyone _(forget)about it by tomorrows morning.,【解析】句意：小事一桩，不要记挂，明早一起来，大家都会忘记。由by tomorrows morning可知用未来完成时。,【答案】28.will have forgotten,44/60,29.This is the most significant party that we _(attend)while we are studying in the town.,【解析】句型It/This/That is+序数词或最高级+that从句，从句谓语需采取现在完成时态。,【答案】29.have attended,30.The young man,who _(admit)to the key university ever since decided to do some part-time jobs to pay for his fee.,【解析】尽管有ever since,，但由decided可知，被录用则是“过去过去”，需要采取过去完成时态被动形式。,【答案】30.had been admitted,45/60,.单句改错（含本单元词汇和语法）,1.I have worked in a foreign company in Shanghai for six years.Still,I dont regret giving up the wellpaid job and returning to my hometown.,【解析】句意：我曾经在上海一家外企工作了六年。不过,我不后悔放弃了高薪工作回到我故乡。现在完成时侧重是过去动作对现在影响，而前半句是关于过去一个客观事实。,【答案】1.have worked,2.How come your father can read books in German?,Well,he had worked on a project with some German engineers for 3 years when he was young.,【解析】句意：你父亲怎么会用德语阅读?他年轻时曾经在一个项目中与一些德国工程师工作过3年。过去时表示过去曾经发生一个客观事情；而过去完成时表示过去某动作之前所发生事情，即“过去过去”。,【答案】2.had worked,46/60,3.While people may refer to Internet for up to the minute news,it is unlikely that Internet would replace the newspaper completely.,【解析】句意:尽管人们可能上网寻找最新新闻，但网络完全取代报纸还是不可能。依据题意可知，“网络完全取代报纸”是构想未来事情，是一个tendency,所以应该用普通未来时。,【答案】3.wouldwill,4.Have you got any information about your missing dog from the police?,No.I was waiting.The police say theyll let me know when there is any news.,【解析】句意:你从警察那里取得了任何关于那条丢失了狗信息吗?还没有。我在等候。警方说他们一有消息就会让我知道。从句意可知，回话者正在等候着，所以应用现在进行时。,【答案】4.wasam,47/60,5.The actor still remembers the excitement in his class when a female classmate is chosen for a key role in a Zhang Yimou film.,【解析】句意：这名演员依然记得当班上一位女同学被选为张艺谋电影一个主角时全班那种激动之情。事情发生在过去，表示过去一个客观事情，用普通过去时。,【答案】5.iswas,6.When can I get my car back?,I think it will be finishing sometime later today.Give me a call around 3 oclock.,【解析】句意：我什么时候能取回我车?我想今天晚些时候会完工。大约3点钟给我打个电话看看。从句意看应是未来完成时被动语态。,【答案】6.finishingfinished,48/60,7.Many new workers are trained and in six months they will be sent to build a new railway.,【解析】句意：许多新员工正在进行为期六个月训练，他们将被送去建设一条新铁路。后半句是一个未来时，依据句意前半句宜用现在进行时被动形式。,【答案】7.are trained,being,8.The press conference,originally due to be held last week,is finally called off because of the sudden war in the country.,【解析】句意：原定于上周举行新闻公布会因为突然战争而取消了。用普通过去时态表示一个客观事情。,【答案】8.iswas,49/60,9.Salley had left Beijing for Shanghai and has been working there ever since.You can go and pay her a visit on your way to Hangzhou.,【解析】句意：谢莉离开北京去了上海,今后就一直在那里工作。你能够在去杭州路上去造访她。“离开北京到上海”是过去动作，而非“过去过去”。,【答案】9.had left,10.Great as Newton was,many of his ideas have challenged today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.,【解析】句意：伟大如牛顿,他许多想法受到当今科学家挑战和修正。challenge同ideas之间存在被动关系。句子表“当年牛顿许多想法受到了质疑”之意。,【答案】10.have challenged,been,50/60,11.Cruel experiments on human beings of this kind have been conducted in several parts of China before the Second World War.,【解析】二战本是过去时间，而在此之前进行试验，要用过去完成时态被动形式。,【答案】11.havehad,12.He has been back to Shanghai.He went to a town school of Gansu.He had taught there as a volunteer for three years.,【解析】作为志愿者教书三年是发生在过去，是与went这个过去动作并列。,【答案】12.He had taught,51/60,13.Designing the one day gathering party was more time-consuming than we expected.,【解析】主句谓语是过去时，“expect（意料）”动作先于was，即发生在“过去过去”，所以应该用过去完成时态。,【答案】13.expected,had,14.It is demanded by the company that all the unqualified engines must be recalled within three weeks.,【解析】本句受demand一词意义和使用方法要求，其主语从句谓语动词必须使用 should+动词原形（美式英语中能够省略should）。因为召回不合格发动机是“动宾关系”，所以采取被动形式。,【答案】14.mustshould/engines must be,52/60,15.In t