新四级翻译.ppt

<p>单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,新四级翻译,中国新年是中国最重要的传统节日，在中国也被称为春节。新年的庆祝活动从除夕开始一直延续到元宵节，即从农历最后一个月的最后一天至新年第一个月的第十五天。各地欢度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异，但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚，一起吃年夜饭,.,为驱厄运、迎好运，家家户户都会进行大扫除。人们还会在门上粘贴红色的对联，对联的主题为健康、发财和好运。其他的活动还有放鞭炮、发红包和探亲访友等。,中国新年是中国最重要的传统节日，在中国也被称为春节。,Chinese New Year is the most important traditional Chinese holiday.In china,it is also known as the Spring Festival.,新年的庆祝活动从除夕开始一直延续到元宵节，即从农历最后一个月的最后一天至新年第一个月的第十五天。,New Year celebrations run from Chinese New Years Eve,the last day of the last month of the lunar calendar,to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month.,各地欢度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异，但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚，一起吃年夜饭,.Customs and traditions concerning the celebration of the Chinese New Year vary widely from place to place.However,New Years Eve is usually an occasion for Chinese families to gather for the annual reunion dinner.,为驱厄运、迎好运，家家户户都会进行大扫除。,It is also traditional for every family to thoroughly clean the house in order to sweep away ill fortune and to bring in good luck.,人们还会在门上粘贴红色的对联，对联的主题为健康、发财和好运。,And doors will be decorated with red couplets with themes of health,wealth and good luck.,其他的活动还有放鞭炮、发红包和探亲访友等。,Other activities include lighting firecrackers,giving money in red envelopes,and visiting relatives and friends.,刺绣是一种具有悠久传统的民间艺术，在中国艺术和手工艺品史上占有重要地位。刺绣的长期发展离不开蚕的饲养和纺丝技术的发展。中国是世界上第一个发现和使用丝绸的国家。早在,5000,年前，中国就已经开始饲养蚕。丝线和丝织品的生产促进了刺绣艺术的诞生。时至今日，丝绣几乎已经传遍整个中国。最好的绣品通常被认为来源于下面四省：江苏（尤其是苏州）、湖南、四川和广东，各省绣品各具特色。,刺绣是一种具有悠久传统的民间艺术，在中国艺术和手工艺品史上占有重要地位。,Embroidery,a folk art with a long tradition,occupied an important position in the history of Chinese arts and crafts.,刺绣的长期发展离不开蚕的饲养和纺丝技术的发展,.It is,in its long development,inseparable from silkworm-raising and silk-reeling and weaving.,中国是世界上第一个发现和使用丝绸的国家。,China is the first country in the world that discovered the use of silk.,早在,5000,年前，中国就已经开始饲养蚕。,Silkworms were domesticated as early as 500 years ago.,丝线和丝织品的生产促进了刺绣艺术的诞生。,The production of silk thread and fabrics gave rise to the art of embroidery.,时至今日，丝绣几乎已经传遍整个中国。,Today,silk embroidery is practiced nearly all over china.,最好的绣品通常被认为来源于下面四省：江苏（尤其是苏州）、湖南、四川和广东，各省绣品各具特色。,It is generally agreed that the best commercial products come from four provinces:Jiangsu(notably Suzhou),Hunan,Sichuan and Guangdong,each with its distinctive features.,川剧就像四川火锅以及其他的名菜一样动人、丰富。变脸是川剧中的一大亮点。据说古人在他们的脸上作画，以便赶走野生动物。川剧吸收了这一古老的技艺并将其升华为一门艺术。变脸是一门神奇的艺术。演员在不到,20,秒的时间内要换十多次脸谱。通过举手、摆袖或摇头，演员使用不同的脸谱来表现不同的情绪，并通过看得见摸得着的脸谱表达出看不见摸不着的感情。,川剧就像四川火锅以及其他的名菜一样动人、丰富。,Sichuan Opera(Chuan Ju),like hot-pot and other famous Sichuan dishes,is exciting and rich.,变脸是川剧中的一大亮点。,Face Changing is the highlight of Sichuan Opera.,据说古人在他们的脸上作画，以便赶走野生动物。,It is said that ancient people painted their faces to drive away wild animals.,川剧吸收了这一古老的技艺并将其升华为一门艺术。,Sichuan Opera absorbs this ancient skill and perfects it into an art.,变脸是一门神奇的艺术。,Face Changing is a magical art.,演员在不到,20,秒的时间内要换十多次脸谱。,Actors change more than 10 masks in less than 20 seconds.,通过举手、摆袖或摇头，演员使用不同的脸谱来表现不同的情绪，并通过看得见摸得着的脸谱表达出看不见摸不着的感情。,By raising the hand,swing a sleeve or tossing the head,an actor uses different masks to show different emotions,expressing invisible and intangible feelings through visible and tangible masks.,无论中国人走到哪里，都不会改掉喝茶的习惯。茶最先由中国人发现，它是中国人生活中不可或缺的组成部分。有一句中国谚语将基本的日常必需品称为柴、米、油、盐、酱、醋、茶。一千多年以来，饮茶的习俗已经在中国人心中根深蒂固。唐朝时，一个名叫陆羽的人写了世界上第一部关于茶的著作,茶经,，这部书有助于在中国推广饮茶艺术。,无论中国人走到哪里，都不会改掉喝茶的习惯。,Wherever the Chinese go,the custom of drinking tea follows.,茶最先由中国人发现，它是中国人生活中不可或缺的组成部分。,Tea was first discovered by the Chinese and it is an indispensable part of the life of the Chinese.,有一句中国谚语将基本的日常必需品称为柴、米、油、盐、酱、醋、茶。,A Chinese saying identifies the basis daily necessities as fuel,rice,oil,soy sauce,vinegar,and tea.,一千多年以来，饮茶的习俗已经在中国人心中根深蒂固。,The custom of drinking tea has been ingrained in the Chinese for over a thousand years.,唐朝时，一个名叫陆羽的人写了世界上第一部关于茶的著作,茶经,，这部书有助于在中国推广饮茶艺术。,In Tang Dynasty,a man named Lu Yu created the first compendium in the world on tea,Book of Tea.This work helped to popularize the art of tea drinking all across China.,中国的菜肴拥有许多种不同的流派，但是最有影响力并且最为公众所熟悉的就是“八大菜系”。它们是：鲁菜、川菜、粤菜、闽菜、苏菜、浙菜、湘菜以及徽菜。确定一种流派形式的关键要素十分复杂，包括历史、烹调特征、地理、气候、资源以及生活方式。不同的确的菜肴各具特色，因此尽管有时两个的确相互毗邻，但是它们的风格却完全不同。,中国的菜肴拥有许多种不同的流派，但是最有影响力并且最为公众所熟悉的就是“八大菜系”。它们是：鲁菜、川菜、粤菜、闽菜、苏菜、浙菜、湘菜以及徽菜。,Chinese cuisine has a number of different genres,but the most influential and typical known by the public are the“Eight Categories of Chinese Cuisine”.These are as follows:Shandong Cuisine,Sichuan Cuisine,Guangdong Cuisine,Fujian Cuisine,Jiangsu Cuisine,Zhejiang Cuisine,Hunan Cuisine,and Anhui Cuisine.,确定一种流派形式的关键要素十分复杂，包括历史、烹调特征、地理、气候、资源以及生活方式。,The essential factors that establish the form of a genre are complex and include history,cooking features,geography,climate,resources and lifestyles.,不同的确的菜肴各具特色，因此尽管有时两个的确相互毗邻，但是它们的风格却完全不同。,Cuisines from different regions are so distinctive that sometimes despite the fact that two areas are geographical neighbors,their styles are completely alien.,早在春秋时期，杂技艺术就在中国初次登场了。最早发展起来的杂技形式是力量型杂技，战士们用手去旋转很重的车轮。在汉代，杂技表演变成了很重要的娱乐项目，在宫殿宴席上以及寻常百姓的庆祝场合中经常被观看。古代杂技代代相传。在,1949,年中华人名共和国成立之后，杂技迅猛发展。而今，已经有数不胜数的杂技团，他们甚至经常被派出国表演。,早在春秋时期，杂技艺术就在中国初次登场了。,As early as in the Spring and Autumn Period,the art of acrobatics made its debut in China.,最早发展起来的杂技形式是力量型杂技，战士们用手去旋转很重的车轮。,The first type of acrobatics developed was strength acrobatics,with warriors whirling heavy wheels with their hands.,在汉代，杂技表演变成了很重要的娱乐项目，在宫殿宴席上以及寻常百姓的庆祝场合中经常被观看。,In the Han Dynasty,acrobatic shows became important amusements frequently enjoyed at palace banquets as well as celebrations of the common people.,古代杂技代代相传,。,Ancient acrobatics was handed down from generation to generation.,在,1949,年中华人名共和国成立之后，杂技迅猛发展。,After the founding of the PRC in 1949,acrobatics developed rapidly.,而今，已经有数不胜数的杂技团，他们甚至经常被派出国表演。,Now,there are countless acrobatic troupes which are even sent abroad to perform.,传统的中国婚礼流程从求婚开始，新郎会送一封书信至新娘家，请求迎娶他们家的女儿。多数情况下，新郎家会雇用一位专业媒人,(matchmaker),沟通双方家庭。准新郎和准新娘的生辰八字也要进行比对，以确保根据中国传统占星学,(astrology),这对夫妻不犯冲,(compatible),。,如今，中国大城市的婚礼跟西方很 相似。然而，在小地方，仍然遵循传统，婚礼流程也基本未变。,传统的中国婚礼流程从求婚开始，新郎会送一封书信至新娘家，请求迎娶他们家的女儿。,Traditional Chinese wedding process starts with a proposal for marriage and a letter is sent from the groom to the brides family asking for permission to marry their daughter.,多数情况下，新郎家会雇用一位专业媒人,(matchmaker),沟通双方家庭。,In many cases,，,a professional matchmaker is employed by the grooms family to communicate the families of both parties.,准新郎和准新娘的生辰八字也要进行比对，以确保根据中国传统占星学,(astrology),这对夫妻不犯冲,(compatible),。,The birthdates of the bride-to-be and groom-to-be are checked to make sure the couple is compatible according to traditional Chinese astrology.,如今，中国大城市的婚礼跟西方很 相似。然而，在小地方，仍然遵循传统，婚礼流程也基本未变。,Today,，,wedding ceremonies in large cities of China closely resemble the western ones.In smaller places,，,however some of the traditions are still kept and the wedding process remains largely unchanged.,中医,(Traditional Chinese Medicine),的范畴很广，包括一系列具有相同基本概 念的医学实践。这个概念起源于中国古代，已经历了数千年的发展。中医诊法包 括把脉,(measure the pulse),，,检查舌头、皮肤、眼睛，以及询问饮食、睡眠习惯和其他方面。中医蕴含的理念及其复杂性向研究中医如何奏效的研究者提出了挑战。这些研究大多数集中在针灸,(acupuncture),和中药等特定形式的疗法上。,中医,(Traditional Chinese Medicine),的范畴很广，包括一系列具有相同基本概 念的医学实践。这个概念起源于中国古代，已经历了数千年的发展。,Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)includes a broad range of medicine practices sharing common basic concept which originated in ancient China and has evolved over thousands of years.,中医诊法包 括把脉,(measure the pulse),，,检查舌头、皮肤、眼睛，以及询问饮食、睡眠习惯和其他方面。,TCM diagnosis includes measuring the pulse,inspecting the tongue,skin,eyes and asking about the eating and sleeping habits of:the patient as well as many other things.,中医蕴含的理念及其复杂性向研究中医如何奏效的研究者提出了挑战。,TCMs complexity and underlying conceptual foundations present challenges for researchers seeking evidence on how it works.,这些研究大多数集中在针灸,(acupuncture),和中药等特定形式的疗法上。,Most researches focus on specific treatment modalities,primarily I acupuncture and Chinese herbal remedies.,冰灯,(ice lantern),是中国北方广泛创作的冬季艺术品。它最初是为了照明，在 寒冷的冬夜为中国北方的农民和渔民的工作生活提供光源。后来，各种形状和大 小的水晶般透明的冰灯逐渐成为一种民间艺术，冰灯博览会,(fair),成为北方特有 的民俗休闲活动。黑龙江省省会哈尔滨是中国冰雪艺术的发源地。,1963,年元宵节 期间，哈尔滨市在公园举办了首届冰灯博览会，几千盏冰灯和几十枝冰花展出，冰灯和冰花由简单的工具制成，如结冰的盆和篮子。后来，大型年度冰灯博览会 每年都在哈尔滨举行。,.,冰灯,(ice lantern),是中国北方广泛创作的冬季艺术品。,An ice lantern is a wintertime work of art widely created in north China.,它最初是为了照明，在 寒冷的冬夜为中国北方的农民和渔民的工作生活提供光源。,It was originally made for illumination,providing a light source for the life and work of farmers and fishermen of north China on cold winter night.,后来，各种形状和大 小的水晶般透明的冰灯逐渐成为一种民间艺术，冰灯博览会,(fair),成为北方特有 的民俗休闲活动。,Later,the crystal-clear ice lanterns of all shapes and sizes gradually became a folk art and an ice lantern fair became a folk recreational activity unique to the north.,黑龙江省省会哈尔滨是中国冰雪艺术的发源地。,Harbin,the capital city of Heilongjiang Province,is the birth place of Chinese ice and snow art.1963,年元宵节 期间，哈尔滨市在公园举办了首届冰灯博览会，几千盏冰灯和几十枝冰花展出，冰灯和冰花由简单的工具制成，如结冰的盆和篮子。,During the Lantern Festival in 1963,，,the city hosted the very first ice lantern fair in the park,during which over a thousand ice lanterns and dozens of ice flowers made with simple tools like basins and basket for freezing were on display.,后来，大型年度冰灯博览会 每年都在哈尔滨举行。,Later,a large-scale annual ice lantern fair was held each year in Harbin.,在大家庭里，老一辈人的意见受到尊重，小一辈人得到全家的呵护。中国宪法规定赡养父母是成年子女义不容辞的责任。在城市里，不和家里老人一起住的年轻夫妇给老人提供生活费并帮助他们干家务活儿。在农村，尽管大家庭解体了，许多结了婚的儿子和他的家人还和父母住在同一个院子里。对他们来说，分家不过是分灶而已。结了婚的儿子往往把房子盖在父母家附近，这样父母和子女互相帮助、探望都和过去一样方便。,在大家庭里，老一辈人的意见受到尊重，小一辈人得到全家的呵护。,In extended families,the older members opinions are respected,and the youngest members are loved and taken good care of by all.,中国宪法规定赡养父母是成年子女义不容辞的责任。,Chinas Constitution stipulates that grown-up children are duty-bound to support their parents.,在城市里，不和家里老人一起住的年轻夫妇给老人提供生活费并帮助他们干家务活儿。,In the cities,couples who do not live with their aged parents offer the latter living allowances and help them with the house chores.,在农村，尽管大家庭解体了，许多结了婚的儿子和他的家人还和父母住在同一个院子里。,In the countryside,though quite a number of extended families have dissolved,many married sons and their families continue to live in the same courtyard with their parents.,对他们来说，分家不过是分灶而已。,To them,breaking up the extended family means only cooking their meals separately.,结了婚的儿子往往把房子盖在父母家附近，这样父母和子女互相帮助、探望都和过去一样方便。,Most often they have their houses built near their parents home,making it convenient for parents and children to help and visit each other as before.,徐霞客一生周游考察了十六个省，足迹几乎遍及全国,.,他在考察的过程中，从来不盲目迷信书本上的结论。他发现前人研究地理的记载有许多很不可靠的地方。为了进行真实细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉；为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多奇山秀景；他常常选择不同的时间和季节，多次重游各地名山，反复观察变换的奇景。,徐霞客一生周游考察了十六个省，足迹几乎遍及全国,Xu Xiake toured and investigated 16 provinces in his lifetime,covering almost the whole of China/the whole country.,他在考察的过程中，从来不盲目迷信书本上的结论,When he was carrying out his investigations,he never took blind belief in the conclusions in the books.,他发现前人研究地理的记载有许多很不可靠的地方,Instead he found a lot of unreliable points in the geographic records taken by his predecessors.,为了进行真实细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉,In order to make his investigations reliable and thorough,he seldom traveled by carriage or boat.Instead,he took long,arduous trips on foot almost all the time,climbing mountains and hills.,为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多奇山秀景；,In order to learn about the truth of nature,he always chose to conduct investigations in mountainous areas with dangerous roads and in lonely/untraveled woods,where he discovered a lot of magnificent peaks and beautiful sights.,他常常选择不同的时间和季节，多次重游各地名山，反复观察变换的奇景。,Hewouldrevisitfamousmountainsatdifferenttimeandindifferentseasonsto observethechangingmagnificentviewstimeandagain.,长沙是一个有,3000,多年历史的美丽古城。城市的西边是秀美的岳麓山，山下有千年书院“岳麓书院”等众多古迹。市区中心的古城楼天心阁，距今有,1000,多年的历史。千百年来水质清纯，终年不断的白沙古井也坐落在长沙城中。今天的长沙市民还常常在这里打水饮用。湘江中的橘子洲头，是当年毛泽东先生经常漫步思考的地方，后来还写了一首非常著名的诗来赞美她。,长沙是一个有,3000,多年历史的美丽古城。,Changsha is a beautiful ancient city with a history of over 3,000 years.,城市的西边是秀美的岳麓山，山下有千年书院“岳麓书院”等众多古迹。,West of the city is the beautiful Yuelu Hill,at the foot of the hill,are many historic sites such as Yuelu Academy.,市区中心的古城楼天心阁，距今有,1000,多年的历史。,In the center of the city is the ancient city gate tower-Tianxin Tower,which was first built 1000 years ago.,千百年来水质清纯，终年不断的白沙古井也坐落在长沙城中。,Also located in the city is the ancient Baisha Well,from which clear and pure water has been gushing out nonstop throughout the year for thousands of years.,今天的长沙市民还常常在这里打水饮用。,Inhabitants in Changsha today still come here to fetch water for drinking.,湘江中的橘子洲头，是当年毛泽东先生经常漫步思考的地方，后来还写了一首非常著名的诗来赞美她。,Orange Island in the Xiang River was where Mr.Mao Zedong often rambled and meditated.Later he wrote a very famous poem in its praise.,洞庭湖是中国第二大淡水湖。洞庭湖畔的岳阳楼，是中国三大名楼中唯一保持原址原貌的国家重点保护文物。岳阳楼所处的位置极好，它屹立于岳阳古城之上，背靠岳阳城，俯瞰洞庭湖，遥对君山岛，北依长江，南通湘江。自古以来，就是人们观光旅游的好地方。,洞庭湖是中国第二大淡水湖。,Lake Dongting is Chinas second largest freshwater lake.,洞庭湖畔的岳阳楼，是中国三大名楼中唯一保持原址原貌的国家重点保护文物。,Yueyang Tower,which is located on its shores,is a national key cultural relic for protection as the only one of Chinas famous towers that is kept in its original condition at its original site.,岳阳楼所处的位置极好，它屹立于岳阳古城之上，背靠岳阳城，俯瞰洞庭湖，遥对君山岛，北依长江，南通湘江。自古以来，就是人们观光旅游的好地方。,The tower is very favorably located,standing as it does on Yueyangs ancient city wall with the city behind and overlooking Lake Dongting to the distant Junshan Isle;to its north is the Yangtze River and to the south the Xiang River.Since ancient times,the tower has been a good place for sightseeing and touring,意大利著名旅行家马可。波罗曾这样叙述他印象中的杭州：“这是世界上最美妙迷人的城市，它使人觉得自己社在天堂。”在中国，也流传着这样的话：“上有天堂，下有苏杭。”杭州的名气主要在于风景如画的西湖。西湖一年四季都美不胜收，宋代著名诗人苏东坡用“淡妆浓抹总相宜”的诗句来赞誉西湖。在杭州，您可以饱览西湖的秀色，也不妨漫步街头闹市，品尝一下杭州的名菜名点，还可购上几样名特土产。,意大利著名旅行家马可波罗曾这样叙述他印象中的杭州：“这是世界上最美妙迷人的城市，它使人觉得自己社在天堂。”,The famous Italian traveler Marco Polo was so impressed by the beauty of Hangzhou that he described it as“the mist fascinating city in the world where one feels that one is in paradise.”,在中国，也流传着这样的话：“上有天堂，下有苏杭。”杭州的名气主要在于风景如画的西湖。,In China,there has been a century-old popular saying praising the city:In Heaven there is Paradise;on Earth there are Suzhou and Hangzhou.”,西湖一年四季都美不胜收，宋代著名诗人苏东坡用“淡妆浓抹总相宜”的诗句来赞誉西湖。,Hangzhous fame lies mainly in its picturesque West Lake.As it is beautiful all the year round,the West Lake was compared by Su Dongpo,a celebrated poet of the Song Dynasty,to a beauty“who is always charming in either light or heavy makeup.”,在杭州，您可以饱览西湖的秀色，也不妨漫步街头闹市，品尝一下杭州的名菜名点，还可购上几样名特土产。,In Hangzhou,you will not only find the lake a perfect delight to the eye but also find it a joy to stroll along the busy streets,taste famous Hangzhou dishes and snacks and buy some special local products.,长城，东起山海关，西至嘉峪关，横跨中国北部，全长六千多公里，号称“万里长城”，是中国古代劳动人民智慧的结晶，是世界伟大的建筑奇迹之一。,中国最早的长城，远在公元前七世纪就已经出现了。公元前,221,年，秦始皇统一六国后，把秦、赵、燕三国原有长城连接起来，绵延万余里，奠定今天长城的规模，以后历代均有修筑。现存长城，是明代修建的。长城依山势蜿蜒起伏，宛如苍龙凌空飞舞，十分雄伟壮观，是无数中外游人的登临胜地。,长城，东起山海关，西至嘉峪关，横跨中国北部，全长六千多公里，号称“万里长城”，是中国古代劳动人民智慧的结晶，是世界伟大的建筑奇迹之一。,Starting at Shanhai Pass in the east and ending up at Jiayu Pass in the west,the Great Wall travels across northern China.As it extends over a distance of more than 6000 kms,it is called in Chinese the Wanli</p>