对外高级商务英语听说(第二版)(答案) 高级商务英语听说 第二版 练习答案.pdf
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1、Key to ExercisesUnit 1Part AExercise 1.(1)75%(2)54%(3)38 000(4)44(5)1.2 billionExercise 2.1.F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.FPart BExercise 1.Globalization is a historical processIt refers to the increasing inlegration of economies around the world.It also refers to the movement of people(labor)and knowledge(techno
2、logy)across international borders.There are also broader cultural,political and environmentaldimensions.People are worried becauseOn the one hand global markets offer greater opportunity for people to tap into more and larger markets.On the other hand markets do not necessarily ensure the ben而s of i
3、ncreased efficiency are shared by all countries.Poor countries can not benefit from market opportunitiesUnparalleled economic growth was not steady.The progress was not evenly dispersed.Poor countries have not fully benefited from globalization in four aspects.1.Trade:Great variation exists among th
4、s major regions.2.Capital movement:The capital flow has been volatile and up to crisis.2 高级商务英语听说(第二版)(continued)Poor countries have not fully benefited from globalization3.Movement of people:The numbers involved are still quite small.4.Spread of knowledge:For the poorest economies in the world,due
5、to infrastruclurc arid policy constraints,they are lack of ability to attract any FDI.This makes them even more marginalized.in four aspects.What can developing countries do?Components of a package:1.Macroeconomic stability lo create the right conditions for investmenl aed saving;2.Outward oriented
6、policies to promote efficiency through increased trade and inveslment;3.Structural reform to encourage domestic competition;4.Strong institutions and an effective govemmenl to foster good governance;5.Education,training,and reseaich and development to promote productivity;6.External debt management
7、to ensure adequate resources for sustainable development.Exercise 2.(1)What are the two opposing views with regard to globalization?Some people view it as beneficial-a key to future economic development.Others regard it with hostility and even fearbringing inequality,unemployment,and social disorder
8、.(2)Why are people so worried about globalization?Because market promotes efficiency through competition and division of labor.And markets do not necessarily ensure that the benefits of increased efficiency are shared by all countries.(3)What are the per capita GDP increases for the whole world,for
9、the richest quarter and for the poorest quarter respectively?They are five-fold,six-fold,and three-fold respectively.(4)Of all the factors contributing to a countrys catch-up in globalization,what matters most?What matters most is the whole package of policies,financial and technical assistance,and
10、debt relief if necessary.Key to Exercises 3Part CExercise 1.(1)International Monetary Fund(2)uturning pointn(3)hedge funds(4)supervisory group(5)developing nations(6)China,India and BrazilExercise 2.(1)Finance ministers and central bankers formed the Group ten years ago in 1999 to give more attentio
11、n to developing nations.Leaders met in November 2008 in Washington for the first time.They plan to meet again in September.(2)The International Monetary Fund created the Special Drawing Right,or SDR,forty years ago.The value is based on several major currencies.Today the IMF and some other internati
12、onal organizations mainly use it as an accounting tool.(3)Developing economies like China,India and Brazil want greater influence over international financial policy and groups like the IMF.The governor of the Chinese central bank Zhou Xiaochuan called for a new currency disconnected from individual
13、 nations-such as using what are called Special Drawing Rights.A United Nations group of experts also urged a new global reserve system-an expanded version of Special Drawing Rights.Unit 2 Appendix II Key to ExercisesPart AExercise 1.(1)F(2)T(3)F(4)F Exercise 2.(1)round(3)broader(5)seeking restrictio
14、ns(7)expired(5)T(2)resolving(4)consulting with(6)have surged(8)American frustration4 高级商务英语听说(第二版)(9)soaring(10)$162 billion(11)32 percentPart BExercise 1.Between 1994 and1997the exchange rate of the RMB against the U.S.dollar appreciated steadily from 8.71,reflecting the feature of a managed floati
15、ng rate.By the end of 1997China substantially narrowed ihe floating band of the RMB exchange rate.This has helped reduce the shock of the Asian financial crisis and dispel the fear of RMB devaluation.As a matter of factin the 1990s China used to record a low level of foreign reserves;so it was neces
16、sary to expandthem to be compatible with the level of import and external debts.The outbreak of the Asian financial crisis in 1997has led us to reconsider the appropriate level of foreign reserves among Asian countries and a higherlevel was thought to be desired.By the end of 2001 and in 2002China w
17、as formally accepted as a member of WTO,we entailed a series of trade reforms to complywith the WTO rules.Naturally during this period unlike many other countries,China overhauledits trade policy.It turned out that while Chinas import in 2002 recorded a rapid expansion,export also surged,resulting i
18、n a trade surplus of 30.4 billion U.S.dollars.In the five years following theaccession to theWTOChina continued to cut tariff and relax quantitative import restrictions,further liberalize servicetrade,including financial and communication sector.Since the beginning of world financial crisisthe growt
19、h of Chinas imports has accelerated.We sent several procurement delegates to Europe and the USA.We continue to buy the Treasury billsthe U.S.government bonds to help reducethe effect of this financial crisis.Exercise 2.1.What are the two hot issues related to Chinas international trade?Two hot issue
20、s related to Chinas international trade are Chinas RMB exchange rate and Chinas high foreign reserves.2.Why did China reconsider the appropriate level of foreign reserves after 1997?It was the outbreak of the Asian financial crisis in 1997 that has led us to reconsider the appropriate level of forei
21、gn reserves.The other reason that accounts for the rapid Key to Exercises 5increase of foreign exchange reserveis the preparation for the resumption of Chinas WTO status.It was predicted that an appropriate level of foreign reserves was necessary due to the need to fulfill WTO promise to reduce tari
22、ffs for imported goods and full-rounded opening of the Chinese market.3.What did Chinese government do in order to reduce the effect of world financial crisis?We sent several procurement delegates to Europe and the USA.We continue to buy the Treasury bills-the U.S.government bonds to help reduce the
23、 effect of this financial crisis.4.Is it possible to address Sino-U.S.trade imbalance by means of exchange rate?No.Sino-U.S.trade imbalances are caused by two countries,existing economic and trade structure.Even if China achieved an overall current account balance through changes in trade and curren
24、cy policies,the U.S.trade deficit may be attributable to structural imbalances and fiscal deficits in the United States rather than the RMB exchange rate.Part CExercise 1.(1)Free Trade is defined as:The trade of goods without taxes(including tariffs)or other trade barriers(e.g.,quotas on imports or
25、subsidies for producers)The absence of trade-distorting policies(such as taxes,subsidies,regulations or laws)that give some firms,households,or factors of production an advantage over others Free access to markets and market information Free movement of labor between and within countries and Free mo
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