中国文化概况-Chapter-7.ppt

,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Chapter 7,Sports,A Glimpse of Chinese Culture,本章教学的目的,1.,中国传统健身活动,;,2,.奥运会的概况,;,3.,中国优秀体育项目。,本章教学的重难点,1.,中国传统健身活动介绍；,2.,中国与奥林匹克；,3.,讨论：政府如何加强全民健身运动。,本章教学的时间安排,教师课堂讲解,(60,minutes,),1.Traditional Physical Culture,(30 minutes),2.The Olympics and China,(10 minutes),3.Chinas Outstanding Competitive Sports,(20minutes),讨论,(,10,minutes),学生课间展示,(30,minutes),Traditional Physical Culture,Sport in ancient times,Ethnic Sport,T,raditional physical activities,National physical fitness,Sport in ancient times,As an important part of popular culture,sports in China began to take real shape during the,Qin,Han and Three Kingdoms periods.Sporting images have been recorded over the Dynasties by sepulchral(,坟墓的,),mural paintings,stone paintings(,岩画,),brick paintings(,画像砖),pottery figurines(,人物像),and poems.,equestrian polo,击鞠,During the Tang Dynasty,equestrian polo was popular in the palace,the army and among the men of literati(,文人墨客,).,Cuju,蹴鞠,Cuju,(,蹴鞠),was so popular in the Song Dynasty that everyone from the emperor to ordinary people participated in it.,Chuiwan,垂丸,In the Yuan Dynasty,people like playing a game called,Chuiwan,which is similar to golf as shown in the mural,Hitting Balls,.,Ethnic Sport,With around 1,000 kinds of Ethnic sports,some of the more well known ones are Mongolian wrestling,horsemanship(,马术,),and archery;,Hui,kicking the shuttlecock(,毽球),and the tug-of-war(,拔河);,Tibetan yak(,牦牛),racing;,Miao,swinging and dragon-boat racing;,Zhuang,throwing of colored silk balls(,抛绣球,);,Korean swinging and see-sawing jumping(,跳板);,Manchu skating;Dong walking on stilts(,踩高跷);,Yao,whipping tops(,打陀螺).,Traditional Physical Activities,Martial arts(,Wushu,武术,),Distinguished Chinese Martial Arts,Martial arts,Wushu,is also called Kong fu.According to the formation of Chinese characters,武(,wu,)is made up of,止,and,戈.,The former means“stop”while the later means“dagger-axe”or“any kind of weapon”.The combination of the two means stopping martial actions.With,术(,shu,),which means strategies,together,the term means“,using methods and skills to stop martial actions and activities”.,Another meaning of this word is the martial activities between two people or two groups with the weapons.,Modern martial arts consist of five categories,Boxing,Weapon exercises,Sparring exercises,Actual combat,Teamwork,Boxing,shadow boxing(,太极拳),Weapon exercises,Sparring exercises,Teamwork,Distinguished Chinese Martial Arts,Shaolin,Boxing,It is the representative boxing style of the Long Boxing.Characterized by sturdiness(,坚定,),fast attacks,and coordinated(,协调的,),forward and backward moves.Its serial moves are mostly short and straight.,Shadow boxing,A school of Chinese popular martial arts marked for slow and gentle movements that are designed for defense,strengthening of physique and prevention of diseases.,Qigong,also called deep breathing exercises,is practiced by the Chinese on a regular basis to keep fit.Literally“,qi,”means“air”implying“life force”.The purpose of,qigong,is to coordinate the health of the mind and body.,Five-animal exercises,The“five-animal exercises”is a set of health building exercise imitating the movements of five animalstiger,deer,bear,ape and bird.Its a physical exercises combined with,qigong,and was initiated by,Hua,Tuo,.,National physical fitness,There are many gymnasiums and stadiums across China,most of them are open to and widely used by the general public.,Body-building equipment can be found everywhere in the communities or any public places.Similarly,there is a growing trend for people to engage in their own ways to keep fit.,Dragon boat racing,Dragon boat racing is an activity held each year during the,Dragon Boat Festival,in many places along rivers and on the coast today.This is an ancient Chinese sport,very engaging and colorful,where large boats with up to 20 paddlers race against each other.The paddlers will row and stroke together,following the rhythmical drumbeats.,Dragon and lion dance,Dragon and lion dance,is not only a popular part of traditional festivals held throughout China,but is also a competitive sport.In competition,the dancers are required to perform set martial-arts-style technical movements and compete by climbing a frame and trying to win honor by seizing an object on the top.,Kite Flying,Kite Flying,is a traditional Chinese pastime,with millions of participants across the nation.As a sport,it became an official event in 1991.The,Weifang,International Kite Festival is a kite competition and exhibition that attracts tens of thousands of participants from all over the world.,Yangge,Yangge,is a traditional dance accompanied by rhythmic folk music or singing,with the dancers dressed in costumes and holding fans or handkerchiefs.It is very popular in many areas of northern China and among the middle-aged and elderly.,Horse racing,Horse racing,is essential to the lifestyle of many ethnic groups,especially in the areas of Inner Mongolia,Xinjiang,Tibet,Qinghai,Gansu,Yunnan,Guizhou,and Sichuan.The prairies(,草原,),in those areas provide natural fields for horse racing.There are regional variations and the types of competition are diverse,.,Tug-of-War(,拔河,),Tug-of-War is a traditional game in which many ethnic groups participate with vigor.Today,it is popular at sport.,In the game two teams equal in number tug on opposite ends of a rope and each try to pull the central mark on the rope across a line onto its side.The game provides an entertaining highlight and causes considerable good-natured amusement.The team that wins does so through strength and the spirit of cooperation.,Rope Skipping(,跳绳,),Rope Skipping(,跳绳,),is a fun sport for both children and adults.With simply a rope,people have invented many ways to play and compete.A skilled person can turn the rope many times in quick succession while keeping his or her feet off the ground in a single jump.Couples can skip together.Using a long rope with two people swirling it in unison at the two opposite ends,a whole group of people is able to join in.Many schools encourage their students to participate in this healthy activity.,Radio broadcasting,callisthenics,(,广播体操,),Radio broadcasting,callisthenics,is a very popular and required sport in the schools and universities.Exercises and callisthenic are often led by a radio broadcast with musical accompaniment.,The Olympics and China,About the Olympics,The Olympics and China,Chinas Outstanding Competitive Sports,About the Olympics,The Olympic Games are an international sport competition,held every four years.Until 1992 the Summer Olympics and the Winter Olympics were held in the same year,but beginning in 1994 they were rescheduled so that they are held in alternating(,间隔的,),even-numbered years.,The origin of the Olympic Games,The original Olympic Games were held in ancient Greece between 776 BC and 393 AD,as a celebration of the god Zeus.The games were held every 4 years at Olympia,in the eastern,Peloponnese,(,伯罗奔尼撒半岛),and included chariot(,四轮马车),and horse races,foot races,boxing,wrestling,and the pentathlon(,五项运动).,The revival of Olympic Games in modern times,The revival of Olympic Games in modern times was attributed,tothe,French educator and thinker,Pierre de Coubertin,who saw them as a means to promote peace.,The first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens in 1896.,Pierre de,Coubertin,The Olympic motto,Citius,Altius,Fortius,which is Latin for faster,higher,stronger.,The intended meaning is that ones focus should be on bettering ones achievements,rather than on coming in first.,Rings and Flag,Each of the five Olympic rings is a different color.Together,they represent the five inhabited continents,although no particular ring is meant to represent any specific continent.The rings are interlaced(,交织),to represent the idea that the Olympics are universal,bringing athletes from the entire world together.,The Olympics and China,It was not until 1932 when the 10th Olympic Games were held in Los Angeles that China was invited for the first time to send athletes to compete.,The only Chinese participant at those Games was Liu,Changchun,.He entered the 100 m and 200 m race but was eliminated(,淘汰),in the first round.,By the end of the Athens Olympics,Chinese athletes had accumulated 112 gold medals over six Summer Olympic Games,.,29th Olympic in Beijing,One world,one dream.,Five mascots,Extraordinary Olympic in the history.,Chinese Outstanding Competitive Sports,Table Tennis,Table tennis is very popular throughout China and is popularly known as the“National Ball Game”of China.,Chinese table tennis players have performed exceptionally well in international competitions.,Badminton,China became a formal member of the International Badminton Federation in 1981.Since then,Chinese badminton teams have won the Thomas Cup(,托马斯杯),six times,the,UberCup,(,尤伯杯),ten times and the,Sudirman,Trophy(,苏迪曼杯),five times.,Volleyball,China has long had one of the best womens volleyball teams in the world.They won two world championship titles in 1982 and 1986,the Olympic gold medal in Los Angeles in 1984,and two World Cup titles in 1981 and 1985,and then again the gold medal in 2004 Athens Olympics Games.,The Chinese Womens volleyball team and its struggle for success was an inspiration to the Chinese people during the 1980s.,Basketball,CBA,the Chinese Basketball Association,was established in June of 1956.It is a non-government organization managing basketball at the national level.The advent of the CBA league represented a giant step in the development of professional basketball in China.,Gymnastics,Gymnasts have proven themselves to be among the most reliable of the Chinese Olympic squad(,组队),since China began to compete at the Games.,Discussion(10 minutes),What do you think the government should do to strengthen peoples physical ability?,Students PPT Presentation,(30 minutes),Group 1,Title,Participants,Presenter,Presentation,(10 minutes),Comments,(5 minutes),Group 2,Title,Participants,Presenter,Presentation,(10 minutes),Comments,(5 minutes),Discussion Topic,Discussion topic for next class:,Why do you think young people in China are increasingly interested in celebrating western festivals nowadays?,