高中英语-Unit-21-Human-Biology-Warm-up-&-Lesson-1-Supe.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Unit 21,Human Biology,1/52,单词注释,导读诱思,健康是人类永恒话题,人类历史就是与疾病抗争历史。疾病威胁着人类生存与发展。怎样预防疾病、保持健康是每个人必修课。,Everyone wants to have a healthy lifestyle if they can afford it.There,s no step-by-step guide to keeping healthy,but we can try the following tips.,Eat,healthily,As the saying goes,“We are what we eat.”Think of this whenever you feel like pigging out.We need to have a balance of fruit,vegetables and meat.,2/52,Exercise,regularly,Physical activity might be hard especially when we lead busy lives,but we should make a habit of exercising even for just thirty minutes a day.Exercising is also good for the heart and helps improve the body,s,circulation,1,.,Weigh,yourself,frequently,It,s always helpful to know if you,ve gained or lost weight to determine how much you should eat.,Avoid,bad,habits,like,smoking,and,drinking,Even if you feel that you can,t completely get rid of them from your life,it wouldn,t hurt to try.There are a number of ways that can help you stop smoking.Drinking,on the other hand,can be reduced by spending nights at home instead of going out with friends.,单词注释,导读诱思,3/52,Learn,to,deal,with,stress,Stress is,inevitable,2,but when it is dealt with properly,you can make your life easier.If you feel that your life is getting too stressful,you can always use different ways to deal with it.For some people,a conversation with a friend or loved one helps,ease,3,the stress.,Remember,to,have,fun,Forget the past,wait for the future and live in the present moment.You should remember to have fun to be at the,peak,4,of your health.,Everyone has problems to deal with,but the tips for a healthy lifestyle are to live life to the full and enjoy every minute of it.,单词注释,导读诱思,4/52,1,.circulation,/,s,kj,leI,n/,n.,流通;循环,2,.inevitable/I,n,evIt,bl/,adj.,不可防止,3,.ease/i,z/,v.,(,使)减轻,缓解,4,.peak/pi,k/,n.,山顶;最高点,单词注释,导读诱思,5/52,Which of the tips do you think is the most important?Why do you think so?,答案,:,I think the second one is the most important.Because exercising is good for the heart and helps improve the body,s circulation and it is good for our health.(Answers may vary.),单词注释,导读诱思,6/52,Warm-up&Lesson 1,Super Athletes,7/52,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,一、释义搭配,1,.swap,A.the ability to hear,2,.digestB.to move in or flow through a circle continuously,3,.intervalC.to convert food into absorbable substances,4,.circulateD.to give sth.to sb.and receive sth.in exchange,5,.hearingE.a period of time between two events,6,.seekF.to put up with something or somebody unpleasant,7,.tolerateG.to make a search for,look for,8,.contradictH.to disagree strongly with sb,s plan,policy,etc.and try to change it or prevent it from succeeding,9,.annualI.to deny the truth of sth.said or written,10,.opposeJ.happening or done once every year,答案,:,110 DCEBAGFIJH,8/52,二、完成短语,1,.,不论多大代价,all costs,2,.,随意地,random,3,.,徒然,白费劲气,vain,4,.,减速 slow,5,.,偶然碰到 come,at,at,in,down,across,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,9/52,三、依据汉语和英语提醒写出以下单词,1,.,vi,.,循环circulation,n.,循环,2,.,vt,.,消化digestion,n.,消化,3,.,vi,.,交换,n,.,交换;交换东西swapper,n.,以物易物者;交换程序,4,.,vt,.,滥用,n,.,滥用abusive,adj.,辱骂;诽谤;恶语,5,.,vt,.,容忍tolerance,n.,容忍;宽容,6,.,adj,.,根本;基础fundamentally,adv.,根当地;完全地,7,.,adj,.,怀疑,不必定doubt,v.,怀疑,n.,怀疑,circulate,digest,swap,swap,abuse,abuse,tolerate,fundamental,doubtful,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,10/52,8,.,adj,.,每年,一年一次,年度annually,adv.,每年,年度地,9,.,vt,.,反对opposite,adj.,相反,10,.,vt,.,与(其它事物)相矛盾contradictory,adj.,相互矛盾;对立,n,.,矛盾,annual,oppose,contradict,contradiction,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,11/52,四、用所给动词适当形式填空,1,.If I,(be)you,I would not do such a thing.,2,.If I had enough money,I,(offer)her much help.,3,.If you,(come)here earlier,you wouldn,t have missed her.,4,.If I,(know)her address,I would write her a letter.,5,.If she had worked harder,she,(make)it.,were,would offer,had come,knew,would have made,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,12/52,五、快速阅读课文,100,METRES,IN,8,SECONDS,?,回答以下问题,1,.Some sports experts,predictions were always,.,A.right,B.wrong,C.simpleD.mature,2,.What,s the drug,s legal effect?,A.To make the athletes run faster.,B.To make the audience cheer more excitedly.,C.To cure the patients.,D.To make money for the chemists.,答案,:,B,答案,:,C,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,13/52,3,.Ben Johnson,.,A.is still the 100-metre world record holder,B.was taken as a drug-taker,C.will be the 100-metre world record holder,D.will be taken as a drug-taker,4,.Which is right according to the text?,A.Some athletes want to achieve the championship with the help of doping.,B.It is easy to clarify whether an athlete has taken drugs.,C.Doping is the only problem in track and field.,D.Gene-therapy will benefit the athletes.,答案,:,B,答案,:,A,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,14/52,5,.In the future,.,A.athletes must have their genes changed,B.athletes will finish 100 metres in more than 8 seconds,C.athletes will finish the marathon in two hours,D.the Olympic spirit will go on,答案,:,D,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,15/52,六、英译汉,1,.When we talk about breaking records,we come across the issue of performance-enhancing drugs.,2,.The sports world does not tolerate doping as it is a fundamental form of cheating.,3,.If American athlete Marion Jones hadn,t taken drugs,would she have made it to the Olympics at all?,答案,:,谈到破纪录,我们就会碰到服用提升成绩药品这一问题。,答案,:,因为它是一个根本坑骗形式,体育界是不会容忍运动员服用兴奋剂。,答案,:,假如美国运动员玛里昂琼斯没有服用兴奋剂话,她能成功进军奥运会吗?,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,16/52,4,.Unfortunately,it is not easy to catch athletes using illegal drugs.,5,.It is compulsory for winners to be tested but other participants are only tested at random.,答案,:,不幸是,想要抓到服用非法药品运动员并不轻易。,答案,:,获胜者要强制性地进行检验,而其它参加者只是随意地检验。,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,17/52,七、依据课文内容填空,Records have fallen in 1.,and field year after year.When talking about breaking records,we have to mention 2.,drugs,which can create supreme athletes making them faster and stronger but later cause serious health problems for those who 3.,them.,The sports world does not 4.,doping as it is a 5.,form of cheating.In,Floyd Landis,the winner of the Tour de France was caught doping.His 6.,excuses blaming medicine he had been taking for an injury were all in 7.,.,track,performance-enhancing,abuse,tolerate,fundamental,lame,vain,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,18/52,It is 8.,for winners to be tested but other participants are only tested at 9.,.Besides doping,gene-therapy,which is used to build muscle and increase strength by changing people,s genes,will be the next big threat.It is very 10.,and many people 11.,further research into it.If it were used now,athletes might be able to do the 100 metres 12.,in just 8 seconds or the 13.,in less than two hours,and it would be almost impossible to find out.That would 14.,the whole spirit of sport.,The Olympic spirit has been 15.,by the desire to succeed at all costs.,compulsory,random,controversial,oppose,dash,marathon,contradict,violated,一,二,三,四,五,六,七,19/52,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,1.Taking,these,drugs,is,known,as,“,doping,”,and,although,they,enhance,performance,they,also,cause,serious,health,problems,in,later,life,for,those,who,abuse,them.,众所周知,服用这些药就是服用,“,兴奋剂,”,。尽管兴奋剂有利于提升成绩,但同时也会给那些滥用兴奋剂运动员在日后生活中带来严重健康问题。,剖析,本句是and连接并列复合句。taking these drugs是动词-,ing,短语,作第一个分句主语;第二个分句中although引导让步状语从句,who引导定语从句,修饰those。,考点,abuse,vt.,滥用,They were accused of,abusing,their power to keep prices high.,他们被指控滥用职权,抬高价格。,20/52,阅读下面句子,指出黑体词词性及含义,:,It,dealt,with,issues,such,as,drug,abuse,violence,and,unemployment.,它应对了诸如滥用药品、暴力以及失业等问题。,词性,:,名词,含义,:,滥用,活学活用,完成句子,It,s reported that the mayor who,(,滥用职权)to give jobs to his relatives was put into prison.,abused his power,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,21/52,2.The,sports,world,does,not,tolerate,doping,as,it,is,a,fundamental,form,of,cheating.,因为它是一个根本坑骗形式,体育界是不会容忍运动员服用兴奋剂。,剖析,本句是一个复合句。as在句中引导原因状语从句。,考点,tolerate,vt.,容忍,There is a limit to what one person can,tolerate,.,一个人忍耐是有程度。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,22/52,1)tolerate,同义词和词组为,bear,put,up,with,惯用于否定句。,If,you,can,t,bear,the,noise,go,to,find,a,quiet,place.,假如你不能忍受噪音,就去找个平静地方。,I,m,not,going,to,put,up,with,their,smoking,any,longer.,我再也不能忍受他们吸烟了。,She,refused,to,tolerate,being,called,a,liar.,她拒绝接收被他人称为撒谎者。,归纳,:tolerate,后可接,动词,-,ing,形式,但不接不定式。,2),派生词,:,tolerance,n.,容忍,忍受,tolerable,adj.,可容忍,tolerant,adj.,容忍,宽容,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,23/52,活学活用,语法填空,1)We do not tolerate,(smoke)in the library.,2)Almost nobody can tolerate,(make)fun of before a crowd of people.,smoking,being made,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,24/52,3.Doping,is,not,only,a,problem,in,athletics,it,is,part,of,every,sport,where,athletes,seek,to,achieve,beyond,their,natural,limits,and,are,prepared,to,cheat,to,do,so.,服用兴奋剂不但仅是田径运动中问题,每个运动项目中都存在这个问题,运动员为寻求取得超常体育成绩而准备作弊。,剖析,本句含有并列复合句。where在句中引导定语从句,修饰every sport。,关系副词,where,引导定语从句除了修饰详细地点名词,place,village,town,等之外,还能够修饰,case,spot,point,situation,等表示抽象地点名词。,You,could,get,into,a,situation,where,you,have,to,decide,immediately.,你可能碰到某种情况,使你不得不立刻作出决定。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,25/52,考点,seek,vt.,寻找,【高考典句】,Your lives are busy enough doing homework,playing sports,making friends,seeking,after your dreams.,生活中,你们做功课、运动、交友、追逐梦想还忙不过来呢。,(1),相关短语,:,seek,sth.from,sb.,向某人请求某物,seek,one,s,fortune,外出闯荡,seek,out,挑选出,(2),派生词,:,seeker,n.,寻找者,;,追求者,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,26/52,活学活用,语法填空,1)Life is like a race,we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.,2)The manager,(seek)to improve the working conditions now.,where,is seeking,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,27/52,4.Floyd,Landis,made,several,lame,excuses,blaming,medicine,he,had,been,taking,for,an,injury,but,these,were,all,in,vain.,弗洛伊德,兰蒂斯做了几次站不住脚辩解,责备他因伤服用药品,不过这些都是徒劳。,剖析,blaming medicine,是动词-,ing,短语作伴随状语,he had been taking.是定语从句,修饰medicine,用过去完成进行时,表示在“辩解”之前一直进行屡次动作。,考点,in vain,徒劳,白费劲气,【高考典句】,As an inexperienced teacher,I tried every means to get them to be quiet,but,in,vain,.,作为一位没有经验老师,我想尽各种方法让他们平静下来,但都无济于事。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,28/52,vain,adj.,徒劳,;,自负,They,made,vain,attempts,to,reach,the,mountain,top.,他们几次尝试攀登至山顶,但都徒劳无功。,She,s,very,vain,about,her,good,look.,她为她那姣好容貌而自负。,归纳,:vain,作,形容词,意为,“,徒劳,”“,自负,”,。,活学活用,语法填空,The tiger trapped in the well wanted to jump out but,vain.,in,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,29/52,5.Unfortunately,it,is,not,easy,to,catch,athletes,using,illegal,drugs.,不幸是,想要抓到服用非法药品运动员并不轻易。,剖析,it,是形式主语,真正主语是不定式to catch athletes.。,考点,catch sb.doing sth.,当场发觉某人正在做某事,Diana was,caught,taking money from her mother,s purse.,戴安娜从她母亲钱包里拿钱时被当场发觉。,相关,catch,短语,:,be,caught,in,遇上,陷入,catch,at,sth.,试图抓住,;,渴望得到,catch,up,with,赶上,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,30/52,活学活用,语法填空,The,woman,caught,(steal),clothes,in,the,supermarket,was,taken,away,by,a,policeman.,stealing,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,31/52,6.It,is,compulsory,for,winners,to,be,tested,but,other,participants,are,only,tested,at,random.,获胜者要强制性地进行检验,而其它参加者只是随意地检验。,剖析,it,作形式主语,真正主语是to be tested。,it,作形式主语,惯用于以下句型:,It,is compulsory for sb.to do.,某人做是强制性。,It,is necessary for sb.to do.,某人做是有必要。,It,is important for sb.to do.,某人做是主要。,It,is right for sb.to do.,某人做是正确。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,32/52,考点一,compulsory,adj.,强制性,义务,Education that is,compulsory,in our country is not charged.,在我国,义务教育是不收费。,考点二,at random,随便地,随意地,【高考典句】,I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf,at,random,.,我坐在地板上,从书架上随便抽出几本书。,random,adj.,胡乱,;,随便,任意,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,33/52,活学活用,语法填空,1),is amazing that such a young girl can be so good at shooting.,2),is necessary for us to learn a foreign language.,3)We received several answers,and we picked one,random.,完成句子,4),我认为检验这套房子势在必行。,I think,to look over the house.,It,It,at,it is compulsory,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,34/52,7.Gene-therapy,is,very,controversial,and,many,people,oppose,further,research,into,it.,基因疗法是极具争议性,许多人反对深入研究它。,考点一,controversial,adj.,有争议,We tried to stay away from,controversial,topics at the dinner party.,我们在晚宴上尽可能防止(谈论)有争议话题。,考点二,oppose,vt.,反对,I would,oppose,changing the law.,我将反对改变这条法规。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,35/52,1)He,is,strongly,opposed,to,the,plan.,他强烈反对这一计划。,The,local,residents,were,vigorously,opposed,to,building,a,new,airport.,当地居民强烈反对建造新机场。,归纳,:sb.be,opposed,to,sth./doing,sth.,意为,“,某人反对某事,”,to,是,介词,后接名词和动词,-,ing,形式。,2),派生词,:,opposition,n.,反对,;,反抗,opposing,adj.,反抗,;,相反,opposed,adj.,反正确,;,对立,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,36/52,3),辨析,:oppose,和,resist,The,father,opposed,to,his,son,s,marriage.,父亲反对儿子婚事。,The,villagers,were,resisting,the,enemy.,村民们正在抵抗敌人。,归纳,:oppose,表示采取主动行动来反对某事,尤指反对某种观念、思想、计划等。,resist,表示主动地反抗、反抗,用武力阻止某人或某事物前进。,活学活用,语法填空,My father is strongly opposed to,(go)shopping on Sunday because the streets and supermarkets are full of people.,going,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,37/52,8.The,Olympic,spirit,the,spirit,of,competition,which,emphasises,taking,part,rather,than,winning,has,been,violated,by,the,desire,to,succeed,at,all,costs.,人们不惜任何代价来获胜欲望违反了重在参加而不是获胜奥林匹克精神。,剖析,the spirit of competition,是同位语,which 引导定语从句,修饰the spirit of competition。,同位语表示一个名词或名词性从句对另一个名词或代词进行解释或说明。同位语与被说明词经常紧挨在一起,假如同位语太长,则用英文破折号与其它成份隔开。,The,middle-aged,man,Li,Pings,father,paid,a,visit,to,our,teacher,yesterday.,那个中年人,李平父亲,昨天来造访了我们老师。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,38/52,考点一,violate,vt.,违反,违反,The actress accused the press of,violating,her privacy.,这名女演员指责新闻界侵犯了她隐私。,【高考典句】,Students who,violate,quiet hours are subject to a fine of$25.,违反静校时间要求学生将被处以25美元罚款。,派生词,:violation,n.,违反,违反,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,39/52,考点二,rather than,而不是,【高考典句】,It could be anythinggardening,cooking,music,sportsbut whatever it is,make sure it,s a relief from daily stress,rather,than,another thing to worry about.,这能够是任何事情园艺、烹饪、音乐、运动但不论是什么事情,你要确保这是一件使你在日常压力中得到缓解事情,而不是另一件令你焦虑事情。,more,than,超出,;,非常,less,than,少于,other,than,除了还,no,more,than,仅仅,只,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,40/52,考点三,at all costs,不论多大代价,不论怎样,At,all,costs,we must complete the task on time.,不论怎样,我们都必须按时完成任务。,相关,cost,短语,:,He,is,determined,to,win,at,any,cost,.,他决心不论怎样都要赢。,He,got,the,job,but,at,a,cost,.,他得到了这份工作,但也付出了代价。,归纳,:at,any,cost,表示,“,不论怎样,”;at,a,cost,表示,“,付出代价,”,。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,41/52,活学活用,完成句子,1)Questions of this kind,(,侵犯了我隐私)and I am not willing to answer them.,2)The book is intended for the general readers,(,而不是)the students.,语法填空,3)We must finish the work,all costs before midnight.,violate my privacy,rather than,at,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,42/52,9.,语法,:,虚拟语气,If they hadn,t invited me to the party,I wouldn,t be here;but they invited me to the party so I,m here now.,假如他们没有邀请我来参加聚会,我就不会在这里,但他们邀请我来参加聚会了,所以我现在在这里。,If he didn,t speak a few languages,he wouldn,t have got the new job;but he speaks a few languages so he gets the job.,假如他不讲各种语言,他就不会得到那份新工作,但他讲各种语言,所以他得到了那份工作。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,43/52,条件句和混合条件句,虚拟语气,1,.,虚拟语气混合条件句,在虚拟语气中,主句与从句动作发生在不一样时间,这时主从句中谓语形式因时间不一样而不一样,这种从句叫做混合条件句,也叫做错综时间条件句。这么句子不但仅是时间不一样,更主要是事实和假设混合。这种虚拟情况下动词形式应依据实际情况灵活使用。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,44/52,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,45/52,If I were you,I would go to see the film.,假如我是你,我就去看那部电影了。,If I had time,I would go shopping with you this afternoon.,假如我有时间,我今天下午会和你去买东西。,If she hadn,t told you the news,you wouldn,t be upset now.,假如她没有告诉你那则消息,现在你就不会难过了。,If our manager hadn,t helped me,I wouldn,t have succeeded.,假如我们经理没有帮助我,我是不会成功。,If she should come,I would ask her for help.,假如她来,我就向她求援。,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,46/52,2,.,虚拟条件句倒装,虚拟条件从句部分假如含有were,should或had,可将if省略,再把were,should或had 移到从句句首,进行倒装。,If it had rained last night,it would be very cold today.,=Had it rained last night,it would be very cold today.,假如昨晚下雨了,今天会很冷。,If you had worked hard then,you could pass the exam now.,=Had you worked hard then,you could pass the exam now.,假如你当初努力学习,现在就能经过考试了。,If