中考英语复习-第二篇-语法突破篇-语法专题五介词和介词短语市赛课公开课一等奖省名师优质课获奖PPT课.pptx

*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,*,PART TWO,第二篇,语法突破篇,语法专题（五）,介词和介词短语,1/23,【,中考考点,】,(1),惯用介词基本使用方法,(,表示时间、地点、位置、方式等,),。如,:in,on,at,of,to,from,by,with,for,about,after,before,。,(2),其它介词普通使用方法。,2/23,1.in/on/at,(1)in,用在世纪、年份、季节、月份,不特定早晨、下午或晚上等词前面。,It often rains,July.,七月份经常下雨。,(2)on,表示在详细某一天或某天早晨、下午或晚上。,She was born,the morning of May 10th.,她出生于五月十日早晨。,(3)at,表示在某个时刻或某个瞬间。,I usually get up,6:00 in the morning.,我通常早上六点钟起床。,考点一时间介词,in,on,at,3/23,【,巧记,】,时间介词巧记口诀,:,in,在世纪、年、月、季节前,on,在星期、日子前,at,用在钟点前,早晨、下午用,in,中午、夜晚用,at,碰到修饰全用,on,。,4/23,2.after/in,(1)“after+(,详细时刻,/,从句,)”,表示,“,在,时刻之后,”,惯用于过去时。,After 5:00,I watched TV.,五点之后,我看电视了。,(2)“in+(,一段时间,)”,表示,“,在,(,多久,),之后,”,惯用于未来时。,My mother is coming back from England,about a month.,我母亲大约一个月以后从英格兰回来。,in,5/23,3.by/until,(1)by,表示到某一时刻为止动作已经完成,惯用于完成时。,Can you repair my bike,Saturday?,星期六之前你能修好我自行车吗,?,(2)until,表示动作连续到某一时刻。,We must work here,ten oclock.,我们必须一直在这里工作到十点钟。,by,until,6/23,4.since/for,(1)“since+(,详细时间,/that,从句,/,一段时间,+ago)”,表示,“,自从,起一直到现在,”,。,Uncle Li has worked in this company,.,李叔叔自从,年起就在这家企业工作了。,(2)“for+(,一段时间,)”,表示,“,有,之久,”,。,Uncle Li has worked in this company,over 10 years.,李叔叔已经在这家企业工作十多年了。,since,for,7/23,考点二地点或方位介词,1.at/in/on,(1)at,用于小地点前。,(2)in,用于大地点前。,(3)on,表示,“,在,上面,(,有接触面,)”;,表示两地接壤。,2.between/among,(1)between,表示,“,在二者之间,”,。,Dont sit,the two girls.,不要坐在这两个女孩中间。,(2)among,表示,“,在三者或三者以上人或物之间,”,。,The village lies,hills.,这个村庄坐落于群山之间。,between,among,8/23,3.across/through,(1)across,强调从表面穿过。,Go,the bridge,and you will find the park.,穿过这座桥,你就会找到这个公园。,(2)through,强调从一定空间内穿过。,The river runs,the city.,这条河流经这座城市。,across,through,9/23,4.over/above,(1)over,强调在某一物体正上方,其反义词为,under,。,There is a bridge,the river.,河上有座桥。,(2)above,强调在上方,但不一定是正上方,其反义词为,below,。其还表示,“,在程度、等级上超出,”,。,He lifted his hands above his head.,他将双手举过头顶。,The average temperature here in summer is well,30.,这里夏天平均温度远远超出,30,。,over,above,10/23,5.in front of/in the front of,(1)in front of,表示,“,在某一空间外部前面,”,。,There is a big tree,the house.,房子前面有一棵大树。,(2)in the front of,表示,“,在某一空间内部前面,”,。,There is a big desk,our classroom.,我们教室前面有一张大课桌。,in front of,in the front of,11/23,考点三其它常见介词,12/23,We won our match,that team.,我们在比赛中赢了那个队。,The desk is,the wall.,书桌靠墙放着。,I go to school,bus.,我乘坐公共汽车去上学。,Do you go,that supermarket?,你途经那家超市吗,?,The students are examined one,one.,学生们一个接一个地接收检验。,My mother bought a present,me.,我妈妈给我买了一份礼品。,We set off,New York.,我们动身去纽约。,She stayed there,a week.,她在那儿待了一周。,Many teenagers live,their parents.,许多青少年和他们父母生活在一起。,I sat on the chair,holes in it.,我坐在有孔椅子上。,against,against,by,by,by,for,for,for,with,with,13/23,考点四常见含有介词短语,在家,at home,在学校,at school,在工作,立刻,at once,在晚上,at night,在一年中不好时节,at a bad time of the year,在,尽头,at the end of,在,开始,at the beginning of,抵达,arrive in/at,同意某人,agree with sb,at work,14/23,以,开始,擅长,be good at,对,有坏处,be bad for,充满,be full of,确信,be sure of/about,习惯于,对某人要求严格,be strict with sb,对某事要求严格,be strict in sth,忙于做某事,be busy with sth,迟到,be late for,begin/start with,be used to,15/23,生某人气,be angry with sb,对某人感到满意,be pleased with sb,对,感兴趣,be interested in,与,不一样,以,为骄傲,be proud of,对,感到厌烦,be tired of,赶上,catch up with,依靠,depend on,在,方面做得好,do well in,用,充满,/,装满,fillwith,与,相处,be different from,get on/along with,16/23,听说,收到,来信,在某方面帮助某人,help sb with sth,在,前面,(,外部,)in front of,在,前面,(,内部,)in the front of,在户外,;,在野外,in the open air,最终,终于,in the end,及时,慌忙,急忙,in a hurry,在阳光下,实际上,in fact,处于困境中,in trouble,hear of,hear from,in time,in the sun,17/23,看,look at,寻找,look for,照料,照看,look after/take care of,嘲笑,动身去某处,与,交朋友,make friends with,在某人回家路上,on ones way home,展出,终究,到底,on earth,在,顶部,on the top of,另首先,on the other hand,值日,;,值班,on duty,步行,laugh at,leave for,on show/display,on foot,18/23,中考真题演练,1.Pauls mother is a nurse.She works,a hospital.,A.with B.on C.of D.in,2.More and more young people go skating,winter.,A.at B.in C.on D.to,D,B,19/23,中考真题演练,3.,北京,Happy birthday,Peter!Heres a gift,you.,A.for B.in C.with D.from,4.,黔南,My parents often go to the movies,Saturday evenings.,A.on B.in C.for D.at,答案,3.A,解析,考查介词辨析。句意,:Peter,生日高兴,!,这是送你一份礼品。表示“为,;,给”用介词,for,。故选,A,。,4.A,解析,考查介词辨析。,Saturday evenings,指是周六晚上,表示在详细某一天早晨、下午或晚上,时间介词应该用,on,。故选,A,。,20/23,中考真题演练,5.,十堰,Your sweater looks nice.Is it made of wool?,Yes,and its made,Shanghai.,A.by B.in C.for D.from,6.,湘西改编,When is your birthday,Mike?,My birthday is,June 3rd.,A.at B.in C.on D.by,答案,5.B,解析,考查介词辨析。表示“在某地制造”用,be made in,。故选,B,。,6.C,解析,考查介词辨析。详细到某月某一天,用介词,on,。故选,C,。,21/23,中考真题演练,7.,上海,Karen and Lily will go to Russia to watch the World Cup,July.,A.on B.in C.at D.of,8.,资阳,The river is very clear;we can even see the fish swimming,it.,A.behind B.on C.to D.in,答案,7.B,解析,考查介词辨析。月份前面用介词,in,。故选,B,。,8.D,22/23,中考真题演练,9.,乌鲁木齐,Most of the villagers took part in the Dragon Boat races,9:00 am,the morning of June 18.,A.at;inB.on;inC.at;onD.on;on,10.,云南,Mothers Day comes,the second Sunday of May.,A.in B.for C.at D.on,答案,9.C,解析,考查介词辨析。表示在某一详细时刻,用介词,at;,而“,the morning of June 18,”表示“六月十八日早晨”,详细到了某一天应用介词,on,。故选,C,。,10.D,23/23,