定语从句英语语法省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖PPT课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,定语从句总结,1/32,3.,区分,几个句型,1.,定义及术语,2.,比较,关系词,2/32,定义及相关术语,1.,定语从句：,修饰某一名词或代词从句叫定语从句。定语从句普通紧跟在它所修饰先行词之后。,3/32,2.,先行词：,被定语从句修饰词叫先行词。,That is the teacher who teaches us,English.,Those who want to go to the park,are girls.,_,（名词）,_,（代词）,4/32,关系词,关系代词,关系副词,that,which,who whom whose as,等,when where why,等,5/32,关系词通常有以下三个作用：,A.,引导,定语从句,；,B.,代替,先行词,；,C.,在定语从句中,担当,一个,成份,。,The man,who,is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.,6/32,1).a.The reason _he missed the speech,is that he,forgot the time.,b.The reason_he gave us,sounded reasonable.,2).a.Ill never forget the day _we,spent together in Paris.,b.Ill remember the day_we,stayed together at,that time.,why,(which/that),when,(which/that),关系代词与关系副词区分,7/32,3).a.Is this the factory_,we visited last year?,b.Is this the house _Lincoln,once lived?,c.Is this house _ we visited,last year?,(which/that),where,解题点拨,:,看引导词在定语从句中充当什么成份；,若是作,状语,就用,where,when,why,等,关系副词,；,若是作,主语,、,宾语或定语,，则用,关系代词,that,which,whom,whose,等。,the one,8/32,介词+关系代词引导定语从句,1.,依据动词选择介词。,I dont know the foreigner,with whom,my teacher shook hands.,I dont know the foreigner,whom,my teacher shook hands,with,.,注意：,介词,+which(,指物,),，介词,+whom(,指人,),有介词短语是不能分开，因为这些介词存在于关系亲密固定短语中如：,look after,look for,等,。,This is the pencil that Ma Lili is looking for.,9/32,2.,依据先行词来选择介词。,(,介词和先行词之间组成习惯搭配，而和从句谓语动词没多大联络，此时介词位于关系代词之间。,),He stood by the window,through which he could see what was happening outside.,10/32,3.,介词,+,关系代词,=,关系副词（,when,why,where,）,This is the house,in which/where,Chairman Mao once lived.,Everyone knows the reason,why/for which,the high dam was built.,选择定语从句引导词时，不能只看先行词，主要是看引导词再从句中从当什么成份,。,11/32,1).This is the reason _ _ he left,his hometown.,2).Ill never forget the day _ _,we stayed together,3).This is the girl _ _I learned the news.,4).,This is the girl _ is taken good care _ in the hospital.,5).Ill show you a store_ _ you may buy all that,you need.,6).I dont like the way_ _ you laughed,at her.,for which,/why,on which,/when,from whom,of,in which,/where,in which,/that,who,介词与关系代词,(),Have a discussion,方法总结,12/32,1.先行词为,人,关系代词用,介词+,whom,;,先行词为,物,关系代词用,介词+,which,;,2.,固定动词短语,介词,不能,提前。,3.关系代词和关系副词有时可转换：,where,when,why,=介词+,which,4.,先行词是,the way,时,关系代词用,thatin which,或,省略,.,想一想,总结,:,13/32,“,That”,As,和,which,易混句型,讨论与探究,14/32,as,与,which,区分,1).The meeting,_was held in the park,was a great success.,2).I will read as many books_are required.,.,3).She has married again,_ was unexpected,)._is known to us all,Taiwan is a part of China.,which,which,As,as,拓展,2,15/32,1.,代替一个普通名词,用,which,;若,普通名词前有,as,so,such,the same,修饰时,关系代词用,as,。,2.,代替整个主句:,1)位置不一样:,as,从句,能够放,句首,句中或句尾,；,which,从句,只能放句尾,;,2)语气不一样:,as,表主动、必定，（,“正如”，“或像,一样”）,；,which,表消极、否定,。,总结,:,16/32,1.,当先行词是,everything,anything,nothing,all,none,few,little,some,等代词时，或当先行词受,every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much,等代词修饰时。,2.,当先行词被,序数词,修饰时。,3.,当先行词被,形容词最高级,修饰时。,4,.当先行词被,the very,the only,修饰时。,5.,当先行词前面有,who,which,等疑问代词时。,6.,当先行词现有些人又有,物,时。,我地盘,?,That!,“,that”,17/32,1).a.I saw some trees,and the leaves of,_ were black with disease.,b.I saw some trees,the leaves of _,were black with disease.,2).a.The professor is a little man,on the,nose of _there is a pair of glasses,b.The professor is a little man,and on the,nose of _there is a pair of glasses,解题点拨,:,是否有,连词,是区分定语从句和并列句关键。,them,whom,which,him,_,_,易混句型,1.,定语从句与并列句,18/32,1).a.The news _our volleyball team,won the match made us excited.,b.The news _he told me yesterday,is exciting.,2).a.I made a promise _ if anyone set me,free,I would make him very rich.,b.The mother made a promise _,pleased all her children.,that,(that/which),that/which,that,解题点拨：,that,引导,定语从句,是对其先行词,修饰或限制,；在句中,作成份,(,作宾语省略,),指物时可用,which,代替；而,同位语从句,是对前面名词,说明和解释,。,that,在从句中仅起连接作用,不充当成份,，不能省略,不能用,which,代替。,.,定语从句与同位语从句,19/32,1)a.It is in this room _I lived last year.,b.It is the room _I lived last year.,2)a.It was at seven oclock _he went to,school this morning.,b.It was seven oclock _he went,to school this morning.,解题点拨：,强调句型：,It is/was,+,被强调成份,+,that/who,+,其它部分,;,去掉,It is/was.that/who,句子照样成立,;,而定语从句,引导词在句中要作成份,。,that,where,that,when,.,定语从句与强调句,20/32,Find the mistakes and correct:,1.Einstein is such a great scientist that we must learn from.,2.This is the very place where we visited many years ago.,that,as,1,）错用引导词；,常见错误,21/32,.Hangzhou,where we spent last spring there,is one of the most beautiful cities in China.,2,）定语从句中被替换成份没有去掉。,.She is the only one of the girls in our,class who have been to the United States.,).,定语从句中,谓语动词,在人称和数上,应与,先行词,一致,has,_,22/32,1)He has got himself into a dangerous situation_ he is likely to lose control over the plane.,A.where B.which C.while D.why,A,巩固提升,:,23/32,2),We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer.(03,春招）,A.which B.that,C.whose D.when,D,24/32,3)There were dirty marks on her trousers,_ she had wiped her hands.(04,吉林,),A.where B.which C.when D.that,25/32,4.We visited the factory _ makes toys for children.,A.where B.which,C.in which D.at which,26/32,1.We shouldnt spent our money testing so many people,most of_,are healthy.,That B which C,what D whom,（,北京,）,2.Last week,only two people came to look at the house,_wanted to buy it,.,A none of them B both of them C none of whom D neither of whom(,安徽,),3.I was given two books on cooking,the first _I really enjoyed.,A,of that B,of which C,that D,which (,浙江,),4,-where did you get to know her?,-it was on the farm_ we worked.,A,that B,there C,which D,where (,山东,),5,，,I explain on the phone,you request will be considered at the meeting.,A,when B,after C,as D,since (,浙江,),D,D,C,D,C,27/32,7.These houses are sold at such a low price _ people expected.(00,上海）,A.like B.as C.that D.which,8._ is reported in the newspapers,talks between the two countries are making progress.(04,北京）,A.It B.As C.That D.What,9.Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others,_,of course,made the others envy him.(04,天津）,A.who B.that C.what D.which,28/32,10.The gentleman_ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.(00,上海春招）,A.who B.about whom,C.whom D.with whom,11.Have you seen the film“Titanic”,_,leading actor is world-famous?(01,上海,A.its B.its C.whose D.which,用,思索,_,29/32,(,)1.The famous basketball star,_ tried to make a comeback,attracted a lot of attention.A.where B.when C.which D.who(,)2.She heard a terrible noise,_ brought her heart into her mouth.A.it B.which C.this D.that()3.York,_ I visited last year,is a nice old city.A.that B.which C.where D.in which(,)4.The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success,A.for which B.at which C.in which D.on which(,)5.Is this factory _ you visited last Sunday?A.the one B.which C.that D.where,D,B,B,C,A,30/32,()6.They ask about the things and teachers _ they still remembered in the school.A.which B.that C.whom D.that and who()7.I will always remember those days _ I spent with him sailing on the sea.A.on that B.on which C.when D.which()8.His English,_ used to be very poor,is now excellent.A.that B.which C.it D.whom()9.George Orwell,_ was Eric Arthur,wrote many political novels and essays.A.the real name B.what his real name C.his real name D.whose real name()10._ is reported in the newspaper,talks between the two countries are making progress.A.It B.As C.That D.What,B,D,B,D,B,31/32,1,我昨天买书很有趣。,2,你找到了你正在找自行车吗？,3,我看到了很多叶子是黑色树。,4,正在那里弹钢琴女孩子是我们班长。,5,他出生在一个远离这个城市镇上。,Translate the sentences into English,（翻译）,The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting,Have you found the bike(that/which)you are looking for?,I saw some trees whose leaves were black,The girl who/that is playing the piano over there is our monitor.,He was born in a town that/which is far away from this city.,32/32,