Multicultural-Communication--跨文化交际.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英语,5,English 5,Teacher:Li Shimei,Class,：,Class One/Class Two in,the year 2015,Major:Nursing/Pharmac,y,Unit 6,Multicultural Communication,Contents,Reading I,Passage A Working Successful Within Cultural Boundaries,Applied Writing:Within Cultural Boundaries,Grammar Focus:,Subjunctive Mood,（,II,）,Self-Assessment,Emphases&difficulties,1.,理解课文的大意。,2.,重点单词和词组,3.,重点句型,4.,虚拟语气用法。,5.,祝贺信格式和写法、有用的句型。,Language Points,Word Study(1),challenge,n.something new and difficult which requires great effort and determination,挑战；鞭策；要求；,e.g Poverty,together with overpopulation and environmental pollution,is considered the three most serious challenges humanity faces in the 21,st,century.,This job is too dull;I want one with more challenge.,process,n.a series of actions which are carried out in order to achieve a particular result,过程；步骤,e.g.The best solution can only be found by a process of trial and error.,Education is a lifelong process.,Syn:,procedure,n.an action or set of actions necessary for doing something,过程；步骤,e.g Writing a check is quite a simple procedure.,recognize,v.to see clearly;be prepared to agree,认清；确认,承认,e.g.I recognize him to be the best student in the class.,We should fully recognize the situation.,operation,n.(a state of)working;the way a thing works,运行；经营,e.g.the cost of operation,The new system is in full operation.,present,v.to offer or bring(something)to someones notice directly;put forward for consideration or acceptance,呈递；提交；提出,e.g.This report ought to be presented in greater detail and in clearer language.,Over one hundred papers were presented at the conference.,speak up,大胆地说,e.g.When you think something is unfair,you should speak up.,He spoke up in defense of his academic beliefs.,build up,逐步建立；加强,e.g.to build up friendship/build up ones health,Your analysis builds up our confidence.,confidence,n.faith;full trust,信任,e.g.You have won my confidence;I know I can trust you.,I have a lot of confidence in him.,transform,v.to change completely in form,appearance,or nature,改变，转变,e.g.The steam engine transforms heat into power.,They claimed to be able to transform the lives of millions of people.,establish,v.to set up;to make(a rule),建立,e.g.to establish a shop/school/business/new state,Were trying to establish a closer relationship with the people of the world.,along with,跟一块儿,e.g.There was a bill along with the parcel.,Along with thousands of others,he fled,the country.,Syn:,together with,as well as;in addition to,e.g.He sent her some roses,together with a nice letter.,rescue,v.to save or set free from harm,danger,or loss,拯救；救出,e.g.He rescued the man from drowning.,He is making a final attempt to rescue the company from bankruptcy.,Syn:,save,v.to make safe from danger,harm,or destruction,拯救,e.g.The surgeons fought to save her life.,They hoped to save their marriage by having another baby.,alleviate,v.to make(pain,suffering,anger,etc.)less,减轻；缓和,e.g.This country is,making,a new attempt to alleviate poverty in the countryside.,A patient,who,is dying of incurable cancer of the throat is in terrible pain,which can no longer be satisfactorily alleviated.,Syn:,lessen,v.to make less in size,worth,importance,appearance,etc.,减少；减轻；贬低,e.g.Were trying to lessen the difference between the city and the countryside gradually.,Syn:,lighten,v.to make or become less heavy,forceful,etc.,减轻的负荷,e.g.They began to lighten their products in an effort to increase sales.,interactive,a.having an effect on each other or something else,相互作用的，相互影响的,e.g.Virtual reality applications immerse the user in a computer-generated environment that simulates reality through the use of interactive devices.,The interactive relationships that arise between populations of different species form the interactive web of communities.,appreciate,v.to understand fully;to understand and enjoy the good qualities of;to be thankful or grateful for,正确评价；心伤；感谢,;,感激,;,欣赏；感激；领会；鉴别,e.g I dont think you appreciate the dangers of the job.,Thats just because you cant appreciate art.,I really appreciate what youve done for me.,Note:,appreciate,takes V-ing form as its object:,I shall appreciate discussing this matter with you again.,我愿意再次与你们讨论这个问题。,Syn:,treasure,v.to keep as precious;regard(a possession)as valuable,珍惜,e.g I really treasured the time with you when we were in the middle school.,inferior,n.a person of lower rank,esp.in a job,下级,e.g.A good leader gets on well with his inferiors.,Ant:,superior,n.a person of higher rank,esp.in a job,上级,e.g.These matters are better left to your superiors.,Language Points,1.notes to the passage,(Para.3),She needed to adapt herself to the culture of her company,only then would,she,be successful at,her job.,在某事上取得成功,Translation:,她需要改变自己来适应这个公司的文化氛围而且只有这样她才能干好这个工作。,Analysis:,Only then would.,is an inverted structure.The reason of the inversion is that the sentence begins with,only then,.The last sentence in this passage has got the same structure“We must first understand and accept a culture for what it is;only then will we be able to successfully work within it.”,Inversion can be found when the sentence begins with:,So+a./ad.(+that-clause)or Such+n.(+that-clause),So sudden was the accident(that)we had no time to escape.,事故来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。,Such was his strength that he could bend the iron bar.,他力气大得能把那根铁棍弯过来。,Negative words or phrases:never,rarely,seldom,little,on no account,决不,at no time,在任何时候都不；从来没有,，从不；决不,by no means,决不,;,毫不,;,一点也不,;,并没有,not only.but also,etc.,Little do we realize how important this lecture is.,我们没有意识到这次讲座的重要性。,Not only was he a first-rate mathematician,but also excellent at chess.,他不仅是一个一流的数学家，而且还是一个优秀的棋手。,Example:,Only when you,have obtained,sufficient,data can you reach a sound conclusion.,(Para.3),What she didnt realize,was,that,rather than,disagreeing with her ideas,they disagreed with her method of implementing them.,Translation:,她当时没想到的是，同事们不是反对她的想法，而是不同意她实施这些想法的方法。,Analysis:This sentence consists of a subject clause,What she didnt realize,and a subject compliment clause,that.,.,.they disagreed,.In the latter clause,rather than,here is a conjunction meaning“instead of”and used to introduce another verbal clause whose grammatical form depends on the position in which it appears:,After the sentence V:the same form as the sentence Verb,She ran rather than,walked,to me.,她向我跑过来而不是走过来。,Before the sentence V:either the V-ing form or the infinitive form,Rather than,allow(allowing),the vegetables to go bad,we sold them at low price.,我们以低价出售了这些蔬菜，而没有让它们烂掉。,More attention should be paid to the different meanings of the following confusing phrases,“,rather than,”,“,other than,”,(,除了，不同于,)and,“,more than,”,(,超过，不止,).,Theres nobody there,other than,the little girl.,那里除了这个小女孩以外没有别人。,The truth is,other than,what he said.,事实与他所讲不同。,She is,more than,a teacher to me.,她对我来讲不止是一个老师。,Example:What I,didnt know,was that,rather than,allow the two companies to go bankrupt,they let them merge.,(Para.3),For example,instead of,recognizing her companys strict chain-of-command,she had in one case,在一种情况下,有一次,taken her plan straight to the company chairman.,Translation:,比方说，有一次她打破了公司严格的逐级管理的常规，直接把自己的计划报到公司董事长那里。,Analysis:,Instead of,.is used in a similar way to“rather than”in the previous item,but the former cannot take the infinitive verb form.,Example:,If I hadnt got a cold,Id be working,instead of,lying here in bed.,We will go there on foot,instead of,by bus.,(Para.4),His request was met with an uncomfortable silence,with,none of the managers,daring to,speak up.,Translation:,当时他请,与,会者发表看法时，会上一片沉默，无人敢说出自己的看法，气氛令人难堪。,Analysis:,Here in this sentence you can find a participial absolute structure introduced by,with,.The logical S-V is,none of,the managers+daring to speak up.,Example:She is speaking excitedly,with her arms,waving,in the air.,The teacher walked out of the classroom,with a group of students,following,him.,(Para.4),Soon he quickly determined that his first on-the-job challenge would be to build up managers confidence in him,and,that,he had to do this individually,not in a group.,Translation:,不久他很快作出决定要迎接的第一个工作挑战是让经理们对他树立起信心，而且认为要做到这一点必须个别地、而不是集体地工作。,Analysis:,There are two coordinating object,that,-clauses in the sentence.,Example:,Weve decided,that,well attach great importance to,重视,economic growth and that we will take it as our priority n.,优先；优先权,to help increase the farmers income.,(Para.4),Within a year,their management team meetings were transformed into the interactive,brainstorming sessions that he intended,them,to be.,Translation:,一年不到，他们的管理干部大会就变成他所期望的畅所欲言，集思广益的讨论会。,Analysis:,Pay attention to the reference of,them,.It refers to management team meetings,When reading passages,we should pay special attention to the pronouns and their references.,Example:,We do not know how much pollution this earth can absorb before it lashes before it lashes back its human antagonist.,(Para.5),Therefore,it wasnt until,after we had learned to appreciate the culture of our work-place and earned the confidence and trust of our inferiors that we were able to move forward and successfully do our job.,Translation:,由此可见，我们要能向前迈进并把工作干好，首先得学会理解工作单位的文化并赢得下级对自己的信心和信任。,Analysis:,This is an empathetic sentence framed in the structure of,it was,.,that,and the emphasized part is an adverbial clause introduced by,not until after,(we had learned to appreciate the culture of our workplace and earned the confidence and trust of our inferiors).While put into Chinese,the structure“It wasnt until.that.”is usually versed into,“直到才”,.,Example:,It,wasnt until,the foundation of the peoples Republic of China that the people really became the master of the land.,It wasnt until,after we arrived at the bus station,that,we realized we had forgotten the important documents.,P821 Checking your understanding,1.The greatest challenge facing those who return to work in China from overseas is the_.,c,2.Why did the lady in the first storyfail in the end_.,b,3.Which of the following statements is not true about the man in the second story?_.,a,4.We can infer from the passage that_.,c,5.Whats the main idea of this pasage?_.,a,P84-4,Translate the following sentences into English using the given words.,P84-4,Assignment,Learn the focal words and phrases&useful patterns.,Review all that has learnt today.,Finish the related exercises in Unit 5.,Preview Unit 6.,II.Applied writing,Letter of Congratulation,Notes to the passage,(Sample 1),Looking back on your activities so far,I know that your enthusiasm and experience are the very qualities that are needed for this position.,Translation:,回顾你所从事的事情，我很清楚，你的热情和经验正是这个职位所要求的。,Analysis:,Looking back on your activities so far,is a present participle phrase acting as adverbial clause equivalent.,Example:,Increasing the availability of highways,the local people will enjoy the convenience.,Notes,Word Study,appoint,v.to put in or choose for a position,job(or purpose),任命，委派,e.g.She was appointed to teach the children songs.,He was appointed professor in the university for life.,wish sb.every success,祝万事如意,e.g.Wish you every success in your future.,I sincerely wish you every success.,Notes,Word Study,join sb.in doing sth.,和某人一起做某事,e.g.All the family join me in wishing you a happy new year.,He came up to join us in drinking and chatting.,reward,v.to give a return for work or service,报答,e.g.His efforts were rewarded by success.,She was rewarded for her kindness.,in person,亲自,e.g.Will you apply the position by letter or in person?,He will come in person.,III.,Subjunctive Mood(II),在使用虚拟语气时应特别注意：,1.,由“,lest,，,for fear that,生怕，唯恐；以免；以防万一，,in case,万一；假使”引导的从句，其虚拟语气形式为“,should+v.,”，,should,一般不能省略。,2.,在“,would rather,，,would sooner,，,had better,”等意为“宁愿，宁可，最好”的词或短语后面的从句，七谓语动词用过去时表示对现在或将来发生的动作的虚拟，用过去完成时表示对过去发生的动作的虚拟。,3.,在“,It,is,（,high/about,）,time,”短语后面的从句中的谓语动词应使用过去时或“,should+v.,”表示虚拟语气。,Subjunctive Mood(II),1.Ms.Li decided to move out of for fear that her son should be exposed to harmful influence.,2.He ran fast lest he should miss the train.,3.Id rather you had been present.,4.Its time something was done about the traffic problem in this city.,Self-check,Do some exercises related to Unit Six,.,Summary,1.,理解课文的大意。,Understand the main ideas of the text.,2.,重点单词和词组。,The key words and phrases,3.,重点句型。,The key sentence patterns,4.,虚拟语气用法。,The subjunctive mood.,5.,祝贺信格式和写法、有用的句型。,The format and writing and useful sentence patterns of a letter of congratulation.,Assignment,Review all that has learnt today.,Finish the related exercises in Unit 6.,Preview Unit 7.,Assignment,Learn the focal words and phrases&useful patterns.,Review all that has learnt today.,Finish the related exercises in Unit 6.,Preview Unit 7,Thanks!,