高中英语-Unit-1-Laughter-is-good-for-you-Section-Ⅱ省公开课.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Section,Word,power,&,Grammar,and,usage,第1页,一,二,一、写作词汇,预习Word power&Grammar and usage部分词汇,完成以下小对话或语段。,1,.Although he is over 70,he is very strong.,Exactly.He often does some exercise to build up his,(,肌肉).,2,.I can,t live with Tom any longer.,What,s up?,I am tired of his,(,愚蠢).,3,.What,s the doctor,s advice?,The doctor said that she needed to improve her,(,健康).,muscles,foolishness,fitness,第2页,一,二,4,.Can I get a job when I get there?,Sorry,I can,t give you a,(,确保)at the moment.,5,.As a student,you should try to,(,对主动)your future.If some,(,消极想法)control you,you will lose many good chances.So,(,赶走)such ideas,and try to be more active,and you will succeed sooner or later.,guarantee,be positive about,negative ideas,drive away,第3页,一,二,二、阅读词汇,预习Word power&Grammar and usage部分词汇,写出画线部分汉语意思。,In order to improve my,fitness,1.,I often,participate,2.,in some sports.I do some jogging to,strengthen my muscles,3.,.In addition,I am fond of,yoga,4.,.When we meet with some trouble,it is important to keep,positive,5.,.Being sorry or,negative,6.,will do harm to our health.,健康,参加,增强肌肉,瑜伽,主动,消极,第4页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,1.First,of,all,laughing,out,loud,helps,improve,your,general,fitness.,(,P9,),首先,大声地笑出来有利于改进你身体健康。,考点,:,fitness,n.,健壮,健康,;,适合,【高考典句】,(,福建高考,)Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical,fitness,and sustain a healthy lifestyle.,群体锻炼是改进身体健康、保持健康生活方式最有效方法之一。,【高考典句】,(,福建高考,)Make,fitness,even more fun by trying something new or any group fitness class,with a friend.,和朋友一起,经过尝试新事物或者团体健身课,使健身更有趣。,第5页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,考点延伸,阅读以下句子,指出黑体单词词性及含义,The young man is,fit,for the new job.,这个年轻人很适合这个新工作。,词性,含义,Exercise can keep,fit,.,锻炼能保持健康。,词性,含义,This coat,fits,me well.,这件大衣很适合我。,词性,含义,形容词,适合,形容词,健康,动词,大小适合,第6页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,易混辨析,fit,suit,和match,fit,指大小、形状适当,引申为吻合、协调。,suit,指合乎需要、口味、条件、地位,以及花色、款式等与某人皮肤、气质、身材或身份相当。,match,多指大小、色调、形状、性质等搭配。,The cap,suits,her face well,but this new jacket doesn,t,fit,her well.It is too big.In my opinion,she,d better buy blue trousers to,match,her coat.,这个帽子很适合她脸型,不过这件新夹克衫她穿着不合身,太大了。在我看来,她最好买蓝色裤子来搭配她外套。,第7页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,fit,adj.,适合,;,健康,;,vt.,使适合,be,fit,for.,适合于,第8页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,第9页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,第10页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,2.This,is,because,laughter,strengthens,the,heart,and,the,lungs.,(,P9,),这是因为笑能增强心脏和肺部功效。,考点,:,strengthen,vt.,&,vi.,增强,;,巩固,He has been brought in to,strengthen,the defence.,已经请他来加强防卫力量。,Doctors said that his injured shoulder would take time to,strengthen,.,医生说,他受伤肩膀需要花时间来巩固。,第11页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,考点延伸,阅读以下句子,指出黑体单词词性及含义,【高考典句】,(,安徽高考,)Without the,strength,of the family,there is no business.,没有家族力量,就没有生意。,词性,含义,【高考典句】,(,天津高考,)They are potential powers we possess:energy,skill,sound judgment,creative ideas even physical,strength,greater than most of us realize.,它们是我们拥有潜在力量:精力、技能、明智判断、创造性想法甚至身体力气都比我们大多数人认识到要大。,词性,含义,名词,力量,名词,力量,第12页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,易混辨析,energy,power,force,和strength,energy,power,strength,和force均可表示“力”。,energy,意为“能量”,尤指人在做某事并为完成该事所表现出生机勃勃力,多用作不可数名词。,power,意为“能力”,词义丰富,可指内在或外加力、潜在或活动力、详细或抽象力、身体或精神力等。,force,意为“力”,常指促使物体运动力,也可指势力、武力或暴力,可用作可数名词或不可数名词。,strength,意为“体力”,常指人体或物体内存在力,如气力、耐力、抵抗力,有时也可指进行某种活动推进力。,第13页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,1,.strengthen,是由,strength,加上,en,组成,;,有些词,(,尤其是形容词,),后面加上后缀,-en,可组成及物动词,意为,“,使,”;,类似有,:,blacken,使变黑,broaden,使变宽,deepen,使加深,thicken,使变厚,2,.strength,n,.,力气,;,力量,build,up,one,s,strength,增强某人体质,第14页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,第15页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,第16页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,3.As,you,laugh,the,muscles,participating,in,the,laugh,become,active.,(,P9,),当你笑时候,那些参加笑肌肉变得活跃起来。,考点,:,participate,vi.,参加,参加,【高考典句】,(,福建高考,)As children,we thought very little about these educational wonders.Our family,however,was growing together,sharing experiences and,participating,in one another,s education.,作为孩子,我们对这些教育奇迹考虑极少。不过,我们家庭,一起成长,分享着经历、参加彼此教育。,Everyone in this class is expected to,participate,in the discussion.,班里每个人都被期望参加讨论。,第17页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,考点延伸,(1),阅读以下句子,指出黑体单词相关词组及含义,I don,t want to,participate,in the coming English party.,我不想参加即将到来英语派对。,词组,含义,(2),阅读以下句子,指出黑体单词词性及含义,One thousand,participants,competed in the events.,一千名参加者在这些项目中比赛。,词性,含义,participate,in,参加,participant,n.,参加者,participate in,参加,名词,参加者,第18页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,易错提醒,participate,是不及物动词,若后面接宾语,则需在participate后加上介词in。,Some students from that school participated that ceremony.(),Some students from that school participated in that ceremony.(,),第19页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,易混辨析,attend,join,join in,take part in,和participate in,这些动词或词组均含“参加,加入”之意。,attend,侧重参加或出席会议或学术活动等。,join,普通用词,指加入党派、团体或游戏活动等。,participate in,正式用词,特指参加团体活动,暗示以一个主动角色参加。,take part in,侧重参加某项群众性、集体性事业、工作或活动,突出参加者在其中发挥一定作用。,join in,加入到某人行列中做某事。,第20页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,第21页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,第22页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,4.Experts,say,that,the,positive,feelings,produced,by,laughter,not,only,make,us,happy,but,also,help,us,reduce,pain.,(,P9,),教授说,经过笑产生主动情绪不但会使我们开心,而且帮助我们降低痛苦。,考点,:,positive,adj.,主动,;,正面,;,必定,【高考典句】,(,福建高考,)First,decide to do it for yourself and work towards staying,positive,.Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive.,首先,决定为你自己做这件事,工作时保持主动态度。然后确保你周围人是支持你。,His family have a very,positive,influence on him.,他家人对他有着十分主动影响。,第23页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,考点延伸,(1),阅读以下句子,指出黑体单词相关词组及含义,You have every reason to be,positive,about the future.,你完全有理由对未来感到乐观。,词组,含义,(2),阅读以下句子,指出黑体单词词性及含义,We need to approach this problem,positively,.,我们需要主动地处理这个问题。,词性,含义,He gave me a,negative,answer.,他给了我一个否定,答案：,。,词性,含义,be positive about,对乐观,副词,主动地,形容词,否定,第24页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,be,positive,about.,对乐观,positively,adv.,主动地,negative,adj.,否定,第25页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,第26页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,5.some,jokes,will,drive,away,your,negative,feelings,and,make,you,feel,much,better.,(,P9,),一些笑话会赶走你负面情绪,从而使你感觉好多了。,考点,:,drive,away,驱赶,;,赶走,;,驱车离开,;,把,(,汽车,),开走,;,开车送走,Let,s be merry and,drive,cares,away,.,让我们尽情欢乐,驱散心里烦恼吧。,The police,drove,people,away,from the spot.,警察把人群赶离现场。,The young man,drove,his guests,away,.,这个年轻人开车送走了他客人。,第27页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,考点延伸,阅读以下句子,指出黑体单词相关词组及含义,The fierce competition among restaurants has,driven,down prices.,餐馆之间激烈竞争已经使价格压低了不少。,词组,含义,Government forces have,driven,the rebels out of the eastern area.,政府军已经把叛军驱逐出东部地域。,词组,含义,The government,s policies are,driving,up interest rates.,政府政策正促使利率升高。,词组,含义,drive down,压低,drive out,驱逐,drive up,提升(价格),第28页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,drive,down,压低,drive,out,驱逐,drive,up,提升,(,价格,),第29页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,第30页,1,2,3,4,5,6,语法指南,第31页,5,6,1,2,3,4,语法指南,6.Practise,is,the,only,way,to,guarantee,a,successful,performance.,(,P9,),练习是确保成功演出唯一路径。,考点,:,guarantee,vt.,&,n.,确保,;,担保,【高考典句】,(,北京高考,)If you,re not satisfied,return it.Money-back,guarantee,!,假如你不满意,退回来。确保退钱!,We,guarantee,you delivery within one day.,我们担保你在一日内收到。,I,guarantee,that you will enjoy yourself.,我确保你会玩得高兴。,第32页,5,6,1,2,3,4,语法指南,考点延伸,阅读以下句子,指出黑体单词相关词组及含义,Freedom of speech is,guaranteed,by our laws.,言论自由受我们法律保护。,词组,含义,Our tutors can,guarantee,to get you through the exams.,我们导师能确保你经过考试。,词组,含义,My watch is still under,guarantee,so they,ll repair it for free.,我表还在保修期内,所以他们会无偿给我修表。,词组,含义,be guaranteed by,被保护,guarantee to do sth.,确保做某事,under guarantee,在保修期内,第33页,5,6,1,2,3,4,语法指南,guarantee,sb.sth.,向某人确保某事,guarantee,that,确保,be,guaranteed,by,被保护,guarantee,to,do,sth.,确保做某事,under,guarantee,在保修期内,第34页,5,6,1,2,3,4,语法指南,第35页,5,6,1,2,3,4,语法指南,第36页,6,5,1,2,3,4,语法指南,语法指南,非谓语动词作主语、宾语、表语、定语和补足语,(,一,),不定式和动名词作主语,.,不定式作主语时,能够用it作形式主语,It is important for Tom to get that job.,得到那份工作对汤姆来说很主要。,It is kind of you to help me with my English.,你能帮我学英语实在是太好了。,总结,:,在It is+,adj.,+for/of sb.to do sth.,结构中,若此形容词说明是不定式性质时,则用for;若说明是人(sb.)特征,则用of。,第37页,6,5,1,2,3,4,语法指南,.,动名词作主语还有以下两个习惯表示法,1.It is no use(good)+,动名词sth.做某事没用(不好)。,2.There is no+doing(,动名词)sth.不可能做某事,It,s no use crying over spilt milk.,覆水难收。,It,s no good spitting in public.,在公共场所随地吐痰不好。,There is no knowing what may happen.,可能发生什么无法知道。,第38页,6,5,1,2,3,4,语法指南,.,动名词和不定式作主语区分,Walking is a good way of exercise.,散步是锻炼一个好方法。,It,s my work this afternoon to teach the children.,教这些孩子是我今天下午工作。,总结,:,不定式和动名词作主语区分,1.,不定式作主语时常表示某一次详细动作,含有偶然性;,2.doing(,动名词)表示习惯性动作,往往表示抽象概念。,注意:该规则一样适合用于作宾语、表语,如like to do/like doing。,第39页,6,5,1,2,3,4,语法指南,(,二,),非谓语动词作宾语,.,仅用不定式作宾语动词有:agree,refuse,offer,promise,decide,determine,intend,manage,fail,hope,expect,long,wish,tend,desire,plan,pretend等。,.,动词 know,show 等常跟疑问词加不定式作宾语。,.,在一些复合宾语中,用it作形式宾语,而把不定式放到后面去。,consider/feel/think/find/make it+,n.,/,adj.,+to do sth.,I found it impossible to finish the work on time.,我发觉不可能按时完成这项工作。,.,仅用动名词作宾语动词有:admit,advocate(提倡),appreciate,avoid,delay,enjoy,escape,excuse,prevent,finish,imagine,mind,miss,practice,resist,risk,suggest,stand,forgive,keep等。,第40页,6,5,1,2,3,4,语法指南,.allow,permit,forbid,advise,后接动名词作宾语,但假如在它们后提到相关人,就只能用不定式作宾语补足语,如:allow sb.to do sth.。,.,在动词need,require,deserve 等后加动名词作宾语时表示被动意义,相当于 to be done。如:need doing=need to be done。,第41页,6,5,1,2,3,4,语法指南,(,三,),非谓语动词作表语,.,注意两个问题,一是并行结构问题,二是时间问题:普通来说,不定式作表语都表示该动作发生在未来,故在表示“目标、愿望、梦想、需求”等名词作主语时,其表语应该用不定式。动名词作表语普通用来表示“身份、职业”等。,My dream of life is to become a scientist.,我人生梦想是成为科学家。,My job is teaching.,我职业是教书。,第42页,6,5,1,2,3,4,语法指南,.,现在分词和过去分词作表语区分:,现在分词说明主语所含有特征;过去分词多表示主语所处状态。,The speech was inspiring.,这个演讲令人鼓舞。,The students were greatly inspired.,学生受到极大鼓舞。,第43页,6,5,1,2,3,4,语法指南,.,由 all,what 引导主语从句或者主语被only,first,one,least 或形容词最高级修饰时,而且从句中含do或do形式does/did时,其表语假如是动词不定式,则往往省去to。,All I did was empty the bottle.,我所做是倒空这个瓶子。,What I wanted to do was drive all night.,我想做是通宵开车。,The only thing I could do was do it myself.,我唯一能做是我自己处理。,第44页,6,5,1,2,3,4,语法指南,(,四,),非谓语动词作定语,.,位置:单个分词作定语可放在名词前,其余均放在名词后。,Do you know the student seated/sitting at the back of the classroom?,你认识坐在教室后面那个学生吗?,Have you read the news referring to house prices?,你看过关于房价那则新闻吗?,the concerned parents,忧心家长,the parents concerned,相关家长,第45页,6,5,1,2,3,4,语法指南,.,非谓语动词作定语时要注意以下区分:,A),分词作定语时与其所修饰名词有逻辑上主谓关系;,a sleeping child=a child who is sleeping,睡觉孩子,B),动名词作定语时只表示用途、场所等意义;,a sleeping bag=a bag for sleeping,睡袋,C),不定式作定语时要注意以下一些固定结构,若作定语动词不定式是不及物动词,后面必须要有介词;,to do,表示事情由句子主语自己做;to be done 表示事情由他人做;,在 ability,attempt,chance,courage,decision,effort,power,right,time 等名词后;,第46页,6,5,1,2,3,4,语法指南,由序数词only,last,next 或形容词最高级修饰名词惯用不定式作定语;,She has no pencil to write with.,她没有铅笔写字。,I don,t think he is the best man to do the job.,我认为他不是做这项工作最正确人选。,I have no time to do my homework.,我没有时间做作业。,He is always the first/the last one to leave the office.,他总是第一个/最终一个离创办公室。,第47页,6,5,1,2,3,4,语法指南,D),表示被动意义非谓语动词作定语时使用方法,done,表示已经完成动作;to be done表示还未开始动作;being done表示正在进行之中动作,The meeting held yesterday is very important.,昨天举行会议非常主要。,The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important.,明天将要举行会议非常主要。,The meeting being held now is very important.,正在举行会议非常主要。,第48页,6,5,1,2,3,4,语法指南,(,五,),补足语,:,主语补足语,&,宾语补足语,.,常能够跟to do 作宾语补足语或主语补足语动词有,allow/ask/advise/encourage/expect/force/would like/love/hate/order/teach/tell/want/warn/wish/forbid/get,等。,使役/感官动词被动语态常作主语补足语,make sb.do sth.(,宾语补足语)sb.be made to do sth.(主语补足语),.,只能跟do(不含to不定式)作宾语补足语动词,1.,感官动词(记忆口诀),一感:feel二听:hear,listen to(全过程)三让:let,make,have四看:see,watch,notice,observe(全过程),2.,使役动词have/make/let(等),第49页,6,5,1,2,3,4,语法指南,.,分词作宾语补足语,1.have/make/let/get/see/hear(,等)sth.+过去分词/现在分词,2.with sth.(,n.,)+,过去分词/现在分词,3.leave sb.+,过去分词/现在分词,第50页,6,5,1,2,3,4,语法指南,(,六,),there,be,非谓语形式,.,动词+there to be/there being(作宾语),如:I don,t want there to be any misunderstanding between them.,我不希望他们之间有什么误会。,They deny there being any misunderstanding between them.,他们否定他们之间有误解。,.,介词+there being(作宾语),He was surprised at there being so many people waiting there.,他对很多人在那里等候感到吃惊。,I have never dreamed of there being a chance of being sent abroad so soon.,我做梦也没想到这么快就有一个被派往国外机会。,第51页,