主谓一致测试的热点市公开课特等奖市赛课微课一等奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,高三英语总复习语法系列训练,主谓一致测试热点,第1页,主谓一致是指句中主语和谓语致。我们普通遵从三个标准：,1、语法一致标准：,语法一致标准是指主语为单数或复数时，其谓语动词要与其相呼应。但我们要注意一些特殊情况；,1）以,along with,together with,with,as well as,accompanied by,rather than,but,except,连接两个主语，其谓语单复数以第一个主语为主。比如：,Several passengers,together with the driver,were,hurt.,2）,表示时间，重量，长度，价格等复数名词，作主语从整体来看时，谓语动词用单数。比如：,Fifty years,is,not a long time.,3）,非谓语动词，从句或其它短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。,比如：,Early to bed and early to rise,is,healthful.,4）,假如主语是由,and,连接两个单数名词，但前面有,each,every,no,等词修饰时，谓语用单数。比如：,Every boy and girl in this region,is,taught to read and write.,第2页,2、,意义一致标准：,意义一致标准指谓语动词单复数取决于主语所表示概念，而不取决于表面语法标志，主要表现为一些集体名词后可跟动词单数或复数。假如这些集体名词指整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；指详细组员时用复数。比如：,The population of the earth,is,increasing very fast.,类似这么集体名词有：,family,class,audience,committee（,委员会）,crowd,crew,group,party,population,team,public,council（,理事会）,village,等。,第3页,3、就近标准：,所谓就近标准是指谓语动词单复数取决于离它最近词语，而无须考虑其它词。,1）以,eitheror,or,neithernor,和,not onlybut also,连接两个主语，其谓语单复数形式应与离谓语最近主语保持一致。比如：,Either you or he has to go there with me.,2）,由,there,或,here,引发主语，而又不止是一个时，采取就近标准。比如：,Here is a pen,a few envelopes and some paper for you.,第4页,1由,many a,或,more than+,单数名词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。,Many a foreigner has been to the Great Wall.,More than one student has visited the exhibition.,2“,几分之几”和“百分之几”作主语时，其谓语用单数或复数取决于,of,后名词。,Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.,40 percent of the students in our class are girls.,3“a number of+,名词复数”作主语，谓语用复数；,“,the number of+,名词复数”作主语，谓语用单数。,A number of pupils like reading picture-books.,The number of the students in our class is 55.,第5页,4,并列主语假如指是同一人、同一物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，这时,and,后面名词前没有冠词。,The secretary of the Party branch and director of that factory often works with the workers.,5成正确名词，如,bread and butter,涂黄油面包，,soda and water,汽水，,coffee and milk,加牛奶咖啡，,aim and end,目标，,salt and water,盐开水等，即使有,and,连接，但仍表单一概念，作主语时，谓语用单数。,A knife and fork is on the table.,6,由,and,连接并列单数主语前面分别有,each,every,或,no,修饰时，其谓语用单数形式。,No student and no teacher is invited to the party.,In our country every boy and every girl has right to receive education.,第6页,7,主语是单数，其后跟有,together with,along with(,与一道)，,as well as(,和；也)，,no less than(,和一样)，,rather than(,而不)，以及,with,not,like,but,except,besides,including,等引发短语时，谓语动词普通用单数形式。,He as well as his sister is a League member.,8在定语从句中主语是关系代词,who,that,which,谓语动词数应与先行词数一致。,I,who am your teacher,will teach you everything I know.,9,主语是一些只有复数形式名词，如,clothes,trousers,glasses,compasses,scissors,shoes,socks,gloves,等时，谓语用复数。但这类表示成双东西名词前有,a pair of,修饰时，谓语用单数。,My trousers are being washed now.,There is a pair of shoes in the box.,第7页,10,表示度量、价格、时间复数名词词组作主语时普通被看作一个整体，谓语用单数形式。,Ten dollars is not enough/Three months has passed,11主语是以-,ics,结尾学科名词以及,news,works(,工厂)等都属形式复数，而意义单数名词，其谓语用单数形式。另外,means,一词单复数同形应视详细情况而定。,Mathematics seems to be difficult to learn.,A new means of teaching is being used in that school.,注：学科名词前如有物主代词修饰时，谓语惯用复数。,My mathematics are week.,12,主语是用作书名、剧名、报纸名、国名等复数名词，谓语普通用单数形式。,The United States is a developed country.,第8页,13主语是,family,team,group,crowd,class,committee,等集合名词时，假如作为一个整体对待，谓语用单数形式，如指是全体人员时，谓语用复数。,His family are all music lovers.,14“one of+,复数名词+定语从句”之前有,the only,the very,the,等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句谓语动词用单数形式,She is the only one of these women who plays the violin.,15,主语是疑问代词,who,what,which,不定代词,all,more,most,any,none,等以及名词,half,part,the rest,等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视情况而定。,Half of the visitors are from Europe.Half of the fruit is bad.,第9页,16,主语是表示数量“,one and a half+,复数名词”，其谓语用单数形式主语是“,one or two+,复数名词”，其谓语用复数形式,One and a half bananas is left on the table.,There are one or two things Id like to know about.,17,the+,形容词或分词作主语时，如指一类人。其谓语用复数，如指抽象概念，其谓语用单数。如：,The rich are not always happy.,The new is sure to replace the old.,18,由,not only but also,neithernor,eitheror,not but,以及,or,连接并列主语，谓语动词要与最靠近它主语在数上保持一致。,Not only your fathers friends but also your father likes smoking.,第10页,19,在倒装句中以及在,There be,结构中，如主语是并列，谓语动词往往和其后面第一个主语取得数上一致。,Where is your mother and younger sister?,There is a pen,two pencils and five books on the desk.,20,主语,people,作“人们，人民”解时，谓语动词用复数，作“民族”解时，有单复数之分。,Our people is a great one.,There are 56 peoples in China.,21主语是,a/this/that kind of+,名词，谓语用单数形式，主语指不是一个而是各种，谓语动词用复数。,This kind of cloth feels soft.,There are different kinds of animals.,22,主语是“,each of”“neither of”“either of”“one of”,等时其谓语用单数,Each of them has his own duty.,第11页,23,陈说部分用,everybody,everyone,somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,no one,或,no+,复数名词等作主语时，反意部分用,they。,而陈说部分,everything,something,nothing,anything,时，反意部分代词则采取单数，用,it.,Somebody is waiting for you,aren they?,Everything is all right,isnt it?,24,动名词或动词不定式作主语，其谓语用单数形式。,When and where to build the new factory is not decided.,25用引号词语作主语时，谓语用单数第三人称。,“,I”is the ninth letter of the English Alphabet.,26,在强调结构中如被强调是句子主语，则,who,或,that,后面谓语动词人称和数应和主语一致。,It is Mike who always helps me study maths after class.,第12页,27wish,后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，如表示与现在事实相反，不论主语是单数还是复数，,be,动词用,were。,I wish I were ten years younger.,28police,cattle,等集合名词作主语时，谓语用复数。,The murderer has run away.The police are searching for him.,29,算式中表示数目标主语通常看作单数，其谓语惯用单数形式，也可用复数。,Five times four is twenty.,30youth,作“青年们”解作主语时，谓语用复数。,The youth of China today are doing their best to study modern science and technology.,第13页,Good-bye!,第14页,