人教版-英语b5u1comprehension-questions及课文语法填空.doc

Great Scientists
Reading 1 comprehension questions.

1. The passage mainly tells us that ____.
A. the cause of cholera was polluted water
B. John Snow was a well-known doctor in London
C. the source of all drinking water should be examined
D. John Snow did some research and helped to defeat “King Cholera”

2. What was the key help for John Snow’s discovery?
A. The government.
B. The woman moving away from Broad Street.
C. The water company.
D. The map made by himself.

3, John Snow supposed that_____ and finally proved his theory.
A the disease caused death by multiplying in the air
B people absorbed cholera into their bodies with their meals
C someone had poisoned the drinking water on purpose
D someone had put virus into the well by accident

4, John Snow marked the exact places where all the dead people had lived on a map to ___
A see how many people had died.
B why so many people had died.
C find out a clue about the cause of the disease
D tell people to keep away from those places

5, Which of the following is the right order for John Snow to carry out his research into cholera?
a. draw a conclusion
b. think of a method
c. collect results
d. make a question
e. find a problem
f. analyse the results
g. find supporting evidence
A e d b c f g a B e b d c f g a C d e b c f a g D d b c f g a e

D D B C B

重点句子
1. John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her person physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.

2. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.

3. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.

4. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry..

5. Fist he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.

6. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.

7. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.

8. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.

9. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.

Step three Learn to use key phrases and sentence structures
1. 使…暴露于… expose…to…
2. 治愈.... cure…of…
3. 把…吸收进… absorb…into…
4. 认为/怀疑… suspect that…
5. 下定决心去做某事 be determined to do
6. 应受责备 be to blame
7. 调查 look into
8. 把…和…联系起来 link…to…
9. 阻止…发生 prevent … from
10. 明确地 with certainty

1. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
every time 为连词，连接两个句子，“每次…”
每次遇到困难，我都认为它是一次挑战。
Every time I came across difficulties, I always take it as a challenge.

2. It seemed that the water was to blame.
…be to blame …对坏事应该负责；…应受责备
我们的计划被暴露给敌人了。陈旧的电脑系统是罪魁。
Our plan was exposed to the enemy. The old computer system was to blame.

3. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.
handle (n.) 手柄 (v.) 处理
…so that…
引导目的状语从句，“为了，以便”
他努力保持镇定，以便警察不会怀疑他。
He tried to keep calm so that the police wouldn’t suspect him.
引导结果状语从句，“因此，所以”
这条河被严重污染，因此政府下令关闭附近的化工厂。
This river is seriously polluted so that the government commanded the nearby chemical factory to be closed.
4. 比较从句时态
The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. suggest译为“表明”，从句时态取决于主句时态
John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.
suggest译为“建议”，从句中使用（should） +动词原形
我建议你晚餐时宣布这个好消息。
I suggest that you (should) announce the good news at dinner.
I suggest consulting (consult) the doctor before we make the decision.

Advanced exercise:
1. Jerry的咳嗽很难治愈。 医生怀疑这与他过去几年吸入体内的尼古丁有关。
Jerry’s cough is hard to cure. The physician suspected that it was linked to the nicotine absorbed into his body in the past few years.
2. 为了防止隐私再次被狗仔队（paparazzi）曝光，他决定调查这件事并搜集证据。
To prevent his privacy from being exposed by paparazzi, he was determined to look into the matter and gather evidence.
3. 华北地区的洪水如此严峻以致受害人数达到了3万。政府明确地宣布全球变暖是祸首。
The flood in Northern China is so severe that the number of victims reaches 30 thousand. The government announced with certainty that global warming is to blame.

语法填空

John Snow defeats “King Cholera”
John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert, indeed, _______he attended Queen Victoria as her person___________(physic). But he became _______(inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed ___ cholera. This was the _____(die) disease of its day . Neither its cause ____ its cure was understood. So many thousands of ______ (terrify) people died every time there was ____outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled _____ its cause was found.
He became _______(interest) in two theories that ______(possible) explained _____cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of _______(danger) gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease ______ their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the _______(affect) person died.
Next , John Snow looked _____ the source of the water fo0r these two streets. He found that it came from the river _______(pollute) by the dirty water from London. He _________(immediate) told the _____(astonish) people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not _______(use) .Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera ________(spread) by germs and not in a cloud of gas.
In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two ______deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump ____ much that she had it_______(deliver) to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died ____ cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with _________(certain) that polluted water carried the virus.
To prevent this ______ happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies ___________(examine). The water companies _____________ (instruct) not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally “King Cholera” __________(defeat).

Reading I
John Snow defeats “King Cholera”
John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert, indeed, _______he attended Queen Victoria as her person___________(physic). But he became _______(inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed ___ cholera. This was the _____(die) disease of its day . Neither its cause ____ its cure was understood. So many thousands of ______ (terrify) people died every time there was ____outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled _____ its cause was found.
He became _______(interest) in two theories that ______(possible) explained _____cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of _______(danger) gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease ______ their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the _______(affect) person died.
[John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed ________(evident). So when another outbreak ______(hit) London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease ________(spread) quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information . In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was ____ severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.
First he marked on a map the exact places where all the ______(die) people ________(live). This gave him a valuable clue _______ the cause of the disease. Many of the _______(die) were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16,37, 38and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20and 21Broad Street and 8and 9Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further _____________(investigate). He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. _____ seemed that the water _________(blame). ]
Next , John Snow looked _____ the source of the water fo0r these two streets. He found that it came from the river _______(pollute) by the dirty water from London. He _________(immediate) told the _____(astonish) people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not _______(use) .Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera ________(spread) by germs and not in a cloud of gas.
In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two ______deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump ____ much that she had it_______(deliver) to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died ____ cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with _________(certain) that polluted water carried the virus.
To prevent this ______ happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies ___________(examine). The water companies _____________ (instruct) not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally “King Cholera” __________(defeat).

Reading 2
Copernicus’ Revolutionary Theory
Nicolus Copernicus ___________(fright) and his mind was confused . Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same __________(conclude): that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. Only if you put the sun there ____ the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the _______(power) Christian Church would have punished him ____ even suggested such an idea. They believed God had made the world and ______ be the centre of the solar system.
The problem ______(arise) because astronomers had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backwards and then ____(go) forward in a loop. Other appeared _______(bright) at times and less bright at others. This was very strange if the earth was the centre of the solar system and all planets went around it .
Copernicus had thought long and hard about these problems and tried
to find an answer .He had collected _________(observe) of the stars and used all his mathematical knowledge to explain them. But only his new theory could do that . So between 1510 and 1514 he worked ____ it , gradually ___________(improve) his theory until he felt it was complete.
In 1514 he showed it ________(private) to his friends . The changes he made to the old theory were revolutionary. He placed a _______(fix) sun at the centre of the solar system ____ the planets going round and only the moon still going round the earth. He also suggested that the earth was spinning as it went around the sun and this explained changes in the movement of the planets and in the _______(bright) of the stars. His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him _________(punish) his ideas, but Copernicus was cautions. He did not want to _________(attack) by the Christian Church, so he only published it as he lay _______(die) in 1543.
Certainly he was right to be careful. The Christian Church rejected his theory, _______(say) it was ______God’s idea and people who supported it would be attacked. Yet Copernicus theory is now the basis ____ which all our ideas of the universe are built. His theory replaced the Christian idea of gravity, _____ said things fell to earth because God created the earth _____ the centre of the universe. Copernicus showed this was ________(obvious) wrong. Now people can see that there is a direct link between his theory and the work of Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking.

Reading 2
Copernicus’ Revolutionary Theory
Nicolus Copernicus ___________(fright) and his mind was confused . Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same __________(conclude): that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. Only if you put the sun there ____ the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the _______(power) Christian Church would have punished him ____ even suggesting such an idea. They believed God had made the world and for that reason the earth was special and ______ be the centre of the solar system.
The problem ______(arise) because astronomers had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backwards and then ____(go) forward in a loop. Others appeared _______(bright) at times and less bright at others. This was very strange if the earth was the centre of the solar system and all planets went around it .
Copernicus had thought long and hard about these problems and tried to find an answer .He had collected _________(observe) of the stars and used all his mathematical knowledge to explain them. But only his new theory could do that. So between 1510 and 1514 he worked ____ it, gradually ___________(improve) his theory until he felt it was complete.
In 1514 he showed it ________(private) to his friends . The changes he made to the old theory were revolutionary. He placed a _______(fix) sun at the centre of the solar system ____ the planets going round and only the moon still going round the earth. He also suggested that the earth was spinning as it went around the sun and this explained changes in the movement of the planets and in the _______(bright) of the stars. His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him _________(punish) his ideas, but Copernicus was cautions. He did not want to _________(attack) by the Christian Church, so he only published it as he lay _______(die) in 1543.
Certainly he was right to be careful. The Christian Church rejected his theory, _______(say) it was ______God’s idea and people who supported it would be attacked. Yet