四六级翻译新题型整理资料.doc

四六级改革之翻译部分（2013年12月）（中英对照）
翻译测试学生把汉语所承载的信息用英语表达出来的能力，所占分值比例为15%，考试时间30分钟。翻译题型为段落汉译英。翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。四级长度为140-160个汉字，六级长度为180-200个汉字。下面有六个练习，仅供大家参考~

（一）
《老子》虽然简短，但它在中国文化发展中的作用却很大。以它为基础，中国古代产生了与儒家并列的哲学派别道家。根据它的思想，中国古代产生了以老子为始祖的宗教派别道教，这是华夏民族本土产生的最具影响的宗教。《老子》的思想直接影响了中国人的民族特性、思维倾向和审美趣味。直到今天，《老子》还在参与塑造这个民族的思想。
Short as it is, Laozi has played a tremendous role in the development of Chinese culture. It became the basis of Daoism, the school of philosophy parallel to Confucianism in ancient China. The thought of Laozi formed the foundation of Daoism, the most influential indigenous school of religion in China. It has also exerted a direct impact on the characteristics, trends of thought and aesthetic sensibilities of the Chinese nation. Today, Laozi still plays a role in the development of Chinese thinking.

（二）
茶，这一美妙的饮品原产地在中国。四千多年前，中国人就开始有饮茶的习惯了。唐代时，日本的僧人从中国引入茶种，与同时引入的禅宗思想相结合，形成了闻名世界的日本茶道。17世纪时，荷兰人将中国人饮茶的习惯带到欧洲，进而形成了欧洲人喝茶的传统。尤其在英国，下午茶的习俗由此而生。在19世纪之前，世界各地饮用的茶叶都来自中国。茶，是中国人对世界的重要贡献。
Tea is a wonderful beverage originally produced in China 4000 years ago. During the Tang Dynasty, Japanese monks introduced tea seeds to Japan, and by combining tea with Zen Buddhism, created the world famous tea ceremony. In the 17th century, the Dutch took to Europe the Chinese habit of tea-drinking, which then become a tradition of the Europeans. In England in particular, people developed the custom of afternoon tea. Prior to the 19th century, all the tea in the world was grown in China. Tea is an important contribution of the Chinese people to the world.

（三）
中国的传统节庆膳食是节日必不可少的伴侣，例如，我国的端午节是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子，那一天，人们通常要赛龙舟，吃粽子。中秋节是观赏满月的日子圆圆的月亮象征着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。因此，中秋节的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。春节是中国的农历新年，除了常见的家禽和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗烹制传统食物，如饺子和年糕。

Traditional Chinese holiday meals is indispensable on some festivals. For example, the Dragon Boat Festival is a day established in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan and people usually hold dragon boat races, and eat zongzi on that day. The Mid Autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon. The round moon is a symbol for completeness, and a symbol of family reunion. The special food of the day is yubing, a round cake known as moon cake. The Spring Festival is the Chinese Lunar New Year. Besides the popular poultry and meat, people cook traditional food according to regional customs, such as jiaozi and niangao.

（四）
筷子是中餐桌上最有特色的用餐工具。我们中国人使用筷子的方法很有艺术性，个人有个人的方法，就好像签名一样，不尽一致。对于那些用餐时只会用刀叉的西方人来说，掌握用筷子的方法和技巧开始时难度也许很大，但也很有趣，需要很大的耐心，需要用心练习。如果他们希望享用一顿真正的中餐的话，那么花时间耐心学习用筷艺术不仅很有必要，也很有收益。
Chopsticks, or kuaizi, are the most distinctive eating tool at the Chinese dining table。The way Chinese handle our chopsticks is quite artistic and varied from person to person like one's signature. For those Westerners who use only forks and knives for their meals, the mastery of the method and skills for using chopsticks may be quite challenging, and amusing, at the beginning. A lot of patience and concentrated practice is required. This is not only very necessary and but also very rewarding if they wish to enjoy a real Chinese dinner.

（五）
说起中国古代文明，人们都熟知“四大发明”——造纸，火药、指南针、印刷术，它们对于世界文化、军事、交通等发展起着无可估量的作用，实际上中华民族对世界文明的杰出贡献远不只是“四大发明”。 罗伯特·坦普尔在他所著的《中国科学技术史》这部宏篇巨著中写道：“今日的技术世界是东西方文明相结合的产物。” 他呼吁，现在是承认和尊重中国贡献的时候了！
Speaking of ancient Chinese civilization, we think of the "Four Great Inventions" —paper, gunpowder, the compass, and printing, which have had an immeasurable impact on the development of world culture, military affairs, transportation and communications. Actually, the most outstanding contributions made by the Chinese nation to the world civilization are by no means limited only to the "four great inventions." In his great book—"History of Science and Technology of China", Robert Temple wrote: “Today's technology is the combination of Eastern and Western civilizations and it is now the time to recognize and respect China's contribution to the world.”

（六）
在中国文化的百花园中，风筝是颇具中国民族特色的手工艺术之一，放风筝则是中国民间极为流行的一种游乐民俗。伴随着放风筝风俗的盛行，在一些经济相对繁荣、手工艺人相对集中的城市，逐渐出现了一批以制作、销售风筝为业的风筝铺，其中尤其以山东潍坊最为著名。风筝在世界科技文化中具有重要的地位。大约从唐代以后，中国风筝流传到朝鲜、日本、马来西亚等地，然后又流传到欧美等地。
Of all the art forms in the Chinese culture, kites are one of the well-known handcraft arts, beaming with national characteristics, and kite-flying has become a favorite pastime among the people. With the growing popularity of kite-flying in China, in cities which enjoy a considerable level of economic prosperity and a large contingent of artisans and craftsmen, there have sprung up a number of shops specializing in the making and selling of kites. Of all the cities, Weifang in Shangdong province is the best known. Chinese kites occupy a very important position in the world history of science and culture. It is believed that Chinese kites were introduced to Korea, Japan, Malaysia and some other countries after the Tang Dynasty.