高考英语复习之冠词用法讲义名师优质课获奖市赛课一等奖课件.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,冠词,第1页,一,、冠词泛指、特指和类指,泛指,是指首次提到，不限定人或事物。,特指,是指上文已经提到人或事物，或是指被限制性修饰语在其后加以限定人或事物，也能够指说话双方所默认特定人或事物。,类指,是指含有共同性质或经典特征事物一个类别。,第2页,二,:,冠词泛指和特指使用方法,:,单数可数名词一定要用冠词,a/an,the,泛指单一,每一,任一事物,指类别,特指,上文提到过人或事物,被限制性修饰语所程度人或事物,说话双方默认人或事物,世上独一无二事物,指类别,第3页,复数可数名词和不可数名词,the,特指,上文提到人或事物,被限制性修饰语所限定人或事物,说话双方默认人或事物,零冠词,泛指人或事物,指类别,第4页,二,:,不定代词,a/an,惯使用方法,1,、当紧挨着冠词第一个音素是,辅音音素,时，用,a.,当紧挨着冠词第一个音素是,元音音素,时，用,an.,如,:,a university;a useful animal;an uncle;an X-ray;,an 800-meter race,2.,表示,the same;one;a certain,或,every,意思。,e.g The two boys are,of an age.,(the same age),I earn 10 dollars,an hour,.,(every hour),A,Mr.Smith is waiting for you.,(a certain),第5页,2.,用于一些物质名词或抽象名词前,表示,“,一个、一类、,一份、一场、一阵,”,.,e.g That is,a,green tea.,They were caught in,a,heavy rain.,a pleasure/a success/a failure,3.,用在一些抽象名词前，该抽象名词前便详细化了,。,e.g He has,a knowledge of,chemistry.,The get-together was,a great success,.,Her book is,a collection of,short stories.,4.,与不定冠词连用习语。,have a cold;have a good time;have a word with;keep a diary,in a hurry;at a loss;do sb.a favour;at a diatance;a collection of,e.g This picture looks beautiful,at a distance,.,He was,at a loss,when he heard this news.,第6页,5.,不定冠词特殊位置。,quite/rather+a/an+adj+n,.(,单数,),what/such/half+a/an+n.,(,单数,),rather/so/too/how/as+adj+a/an+n.(,单数,),many a/an+n.(,单数,),许多,not a/an+n.,.(,单数,),不只一个,e.g.,quite a kind man such a beautiful girl,He is as great a man as other leaders.,What a clever boy he is!=How clever a boy is!,第7页,三、定冠词主要使用方法,1,.,表示特指和第二次提到人或物,。,I find,a,man in the street;,the,man said he got a new job.,2.,表示世界上独一无二事物,。,the,earth;,the,moon;,3.,用在姓氏复数前，表示该夫妇俩或全家人,。,the,Greens,the,Chens,4.,用在序数词、形容词最高级前面,。,the,first,the,second,5.,用在表单位名词前。,I have hired a car by,the hour,.,(,按小时,),Eggs are sold by the,dozen.,(,按每,12,个,),6.,用在江河湖海、山脉、群岛、海峡、沙漠等地理名词前,the West Lake;the Yellow River;the Red Sea,第8页,三,:,零冠词几个情况,:,1.,不可数名词，复数名词前表泛指,Horses are useful animals,.,2.,季节、节日、星期、三餐等之前，普通不加冠词。（除了特指某年季节等特殊情况）,on Sunday;have lunch;,on the spring of,3.,球类、棋类、学科等名称前，普通不加冠词。,play football;play chess,4.,称呼、头衔、职务等表示抽象性质名词前，不加冠词。,Doctor,I am not feeling well.,5.,中国乐器前不加冠词,。,play erhu;play piba,6.,在与,by,连用交通工具名称前不加冠词。,by car;by train,第9页,7.,用在年代，朝代和逢十数词（表某个年代）前,the Tang Dynasty;in the 1990s,8.,用在形容词或分词前表示一类人,。,the poor;the rich;the young,9.,用在表示国家和民族形容词前表示泛指该国人民,。,the Chinese;the English,10.,西洋乐器前加定冠词。,the piano;the violin,11.,在句型“动词人介词,the,身体某一部份”中,the,不能够用人称代词代替,take sb.by the arm(,抓住某人手臂,),hit sb.In the face(,打某人脸,),12.,固定搭配。,in the distance;in the end;at the same time;,on the other hand;on the whole,第10页,7.,在,turn,，,go,（变成、成为）变成后面名词做短语时，名词前不加冠词。,但,become,后面名词前一定要加冠词。,His dream of turning great leader came true,.,8.,纯不可数名词,weather;fun;advice;progress;information;news,9.,as,引导让步状语从句句型中单数名词前,.,零冠词单数名词,as/though+,主谓主句（即使,.,不过）,e.g.Hero as he is,he is still modest.,Child as she is,she knows a lot,.,10.,固定搭配。,in debt,，,in good(bad)health,，,in good condition,，,in office,（就职），,in honour of,，,in trouble(difficulty),in favour of,，,in general,，,in(out of)order,，,on business,on holiday,，,on fire,，,from morning till,night,，,第11页,四、特殊情况,1.,the,+,序数词 （第,）,the second chance,a+,序数词,(,又一，再一,）,a second chance,2.,the,+,独一无二名词,the moon;the earth,a+,独一无二名词,a full moon;,3.,the,+,最高级（三者或以上中最,),.,a+,最高级（无比较之意，表非常）,He is the most deligent students in the class.,It is a most useful book.,第12页,4,.,部分词组中有冠词和没有冠词其含义不一样。普通说来，名词前无冠词，则表示抽象意义；名词前有冠词，则表示详细意义。,out of problem,不成问题,take place,发生,out of the problem,不可能,take the place of,代替,in hospital,，,at table,in front of,in the hospital,at the table,in the front of,，,on earth,of age,成年,lose colour,脸色苍白,on the earth,of an age,同岁,lose the colour,褪色,第13页,The End,第14页,