专四语法与词汇模拟4.doc

1．You ____that letter to James. However, you didn’t.
A. ought to write          B. ought to have written
C. should write            D. should be writing
2. —Can you take  the day off tomorrow?
—Well, I’ll have to get ____ from my boss.
A. permission   B. permitC. allowance     D. possession
3. Under this ____ pressure some of the rocks even
became liquid.
A. intensive   B.  weighty   C.  intense   D.  bulky
4. The small mountain village was ____ by the snow
for more than one month.
A. cut back   B.  cut outC.  cut off    D. cut away
5. He set up in business ____ his own and was very successful.
A. in   B.  of   C.  on   D. by
6. Not until midnight ____him in the hotel.
A) we found B) we did findC) found we D) did we find
7. High in the sky a ____ of birds was flying southward.
  A) swarm B) flockC) crowd D) herd
8. I am easily hurt because my feelings are very ____.
A) sensible B) sensationalC) sensitive D) sentimental
9. I wonder if the game will ever _____with young people.
A). work out B) . fall through C). catch on D). fit in
10. The inquiry found that they had been ____unfair treatment.
A. attached to B, filled with C. associated with D. subjected with
11. The girl under the tree is _____ my sister.
A. no one than B. no other than C.no one that D.none other than
12. If we don’t sell more we’ll have to ____production.
A. cut in B. cut back C. cut out D. cut off
13. The novelist draws heavily _____her personal experiences.
A. back B. up C. on D. in
14. Have you seen the disgusting way she ____ the boss?
A. makes up for B. comes to terms with C. makes up to D comes up with
15. Many a plant ____beat in places where there is a great deal of shade.
A. grows B. grow C . has grow D. have grown
16. It’s hard not having him around but I’ ve learned to _____ with it.
A. take B. deal C . make D live
17. You said the books were on the desk, but ____there.
A. there was no one B there were none C. there were no ones D there was none
18. Everyone would go into the hall for assembly and then afterwards we’d go to our ____classes.
A. respectable B. respectful C. respective D. respecting
19. The project wasted a ____ amount of time and money.
A. considered B, considerate C. considerable D. considering
20. The film ____, she left her seat so quietly that no one complained that her leaving disturbed their watching the film.
A. began B. beginning c. having begun D. being beginning
21. Undergraduate students have no ____ to the rare books in the school library.
A. access B. entrance C. way D. path

22. So badly____in the car accident that he had to stay in hospital for a few months.
A did he injured B injured him C. was he injured D he was injured
23. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he ____unitl yesterday.
A. will come B. was coming C. had been coming D came
24. For some time now, worl- leaders____ out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.
A. had been pointing B. have been pointing C were pointing D pointed
25. ____ right now, she would not be late for the class.
A Would she leave B If she leave C Were she to leave D If she had left
答案：
1. . B)   【句意】  你本应该给詹姆斯写信，然而，你没写。
  【难点】  ought to have written是虚拟语气，与本句句意相符。
2. . A)   【句意】  ——你明天能休一天吗?——呵，我要征得老板的允许。
  【难点】  permission意为“允许”；permit意为“许可证”；allowance 意为“津贴”；possession意为“拥有”。
3. C)   【句意】  在这种强大的压力下，一些岩石甚至变成了液体。
  【难点】  intensive意为“加强的；集中的”;weighty意为“沉重的；笨重的”;intense意为“强烈的，剧烈的”;bulky意为“庞大的；粗壮的”。
4. C)   【句意】  这个小山村被大雪封住达一个多月。
  【难点】  cut back意为“削减；缩减”;cut out意为“停止；切下”;cutoff意为“切断；使隔断”;cut away意为“切除；砍掉”。
5. C)   【句意】  他独自一人开始经商，并且做得很成功。
  【难点】  on one’s own 是个常用的介词词组，意为“独自”；of one’s own表示“某人自己的(东西)”，如：I have a flat of my own.我自己有套房子。
6. D) 【译文】直到半夜，我们才在旅馆找到他。
【试题分析】语法分析题。 【详细解答】not until置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，即将助动词提前。
7. B) 【译文】高空中一群鸟儿向南飞去。
【试题分析】词语辨析题。 【详细解答】a flock of意为“一群（鸟，羊等）”，为正确答案。a swarm of， a crowd of，a herd of分别意为“一群（蜂、蚁、蝗虫等）”，“一群（人等）”，“一群（牛、鹿、象等）”。
8．C） 【译文】我感情上容易受伤是因为我很敏感。
【试题分析】词语辨析题，了解相近词的不同意义和用法。
【详细解答】sensitive意为“敏感的”，符合句意。sensible“理智的”；sensational“令人吃惊的”；sentimental“多愁善感的”，均不符合句意。
9. C) 句意：我想知道是否这种游戏会在年轻人中流行起来。
Work out 设计出，计算出，弄懂 fall through 失败，成为泡影，catch on 流行，抓牢，理解常与with连用， fit in with适合，符合，适应
Being a foreigner, he did not catch on the joke. 他是个外国人, 未能理解这个笑话的含意。
He didn't quite understand why the deal fell through. 他不十分明白为什么这场交易失败了。
10. D. 句意： 调查发现他们遭受了不公正的待遇。
A．Be attached to 附属于，喜爱 B. be filled with 充满，填充 C. be associated with 与...联合，与...联系在一起 D be subjected to 服从，遭受
11. D. 句意： 树下那女孩不是别人，正是我的妹妹。
None other than “不是别人/他物而正是”， 一般用在以人为主语的句子中，其他选项不对。
12 .B 句意： 如果不再多卖点，我们将不得不削减生产。
Cut in 插嘴，打断，突然插到...前面He was stopped when he tried to cut in on the queue. 他试图超车的时候被人拦住了。 cut back 削减,缩减，倒叙 cut out 切掉，排外，取代，删掉，停止 cut off切断，断绝，剥夺继承,剪下，砍下
13.C 句意：这位小说家大量地利用她自己的私人经历。
Draw back退后，缩回，退缩，收回（诺言）She never draws back from what she promises.她从没食言过。
draw up 草拟，(使)停下 We saw a truck drawing up to our building.我们看到一辆卡车开到我们楼前停住。A new will has been drawn up. 新的遗嘱已拟好了。
draw on 吸收，利用渐渐来临 Winter is drawing on. 冬天渐渐来临了
draw in拉入（某物），引诱，吸引；接近黄昏；紧缩开支I'm getting short of money. I have to draw in my expenditure. 我缺钱, 得节省开支。
14. C 句意： 你看没看到她讨好老板的那副令人恶心的样子？
Make up to 讨好，奉承 make up for 补偿 come to terms 妥协，接受 come up tith 提出，拿出， 赶上，
15. A. 句意： 许多植物在浓郁的树荫下可以茁壮成才。
本题考查时态饿单复数单配、根据后半句 where there is a great deal of shade 可判断出，本句空缺处用一般现在时。 Many a “许多”，但其位于动词要用单数形式
16. D 。 句意： 没有他在身边很艰难，但我已经学着去适应。能与with 构成短语搭配的有deal 和live
deal with 应付，对付 live with学会去适应; 接受并忍受
eg. Most of us don't like the new regulations, but we have to live with them. 我们大多数人不喜欢新的规定, 但我们必须学会适应他们。
17. B. 句意： 你说参考书在书桌上， 但那儿没有。
此题考查不定代词的用法。No one 表示“一个也没有”， 即“not a single one ”, 而且no one 只代表单数名词，只能指人，谓语也用单数。后面不能接of
None 表示“....没有一个”，none 可以代替单数与复数名词，谓语也有单复数。 None即可指人，也可指物。此处none 指代books，是复述形式。后面常接of表示“...中没有一个”
18. C. 每个人进入大厅集合，之后我们去各自的教室。
Respectable 可敬的，值得尊敬的，有名望的，高尚的，respectful 恭敬的，有礼貌的，尊重他人的
Respective 分别的，各自的 respecting介词 关系到，关于，至于
19. C. 这个项目耗费了大量的 时间和金钱。
Considered经过仔细考虑过的，经过深思熟虑的；受尊重的 受推崇的 considerate 考虑周到的，体贴的 considerable 相当大的多的，相当可观的 considering 鉴于，考虑到，顾及
20. C. 句意： 电影开始了，她悄悄离开了座位， 没有人抱怨她的离开影响了自己看电影。
本句中独立主格结构做时间状语。 独立主格结构的逻辑主语是the film 因此要用表示主动的现在分词； 另外，分词短语的动词在主句动作之前发生，用分词的完成形式。
21. A. 句意：本科生无权借阅校图书馆里珍藏的稀有书籍。
Access途径，接触或使用的权力或机会，常与介词to搭配 Entrance入口，门口，进入，也可与to/of搭配，表示通往某处的入口 way方式，途径，路线， path小路小径，路线，通道
22.C. 句意; 他在车祸中伤得很重，要在医院住上好几个月。
当so, often, only 等表示程度或频率的副词置于句首时，句子需要倒装，即将助动词提到主语前。
Only recently ___________ to realize the dangers caffeine(咖啡因) might bring to our health.
　　A. that scientists began              B. have scientists begun
　　C. scientists have begun             D. that did scientists begin B
23. B. 句意; 詹姆斯已经到了， 但我直到昨天才知道他打算来。
有一些表示移动的动词，可以用进行时形式表示将来的动词。 本句谓语动词表示的是过去发生的动作，因此用过去进行时表示过去将来的动作。
24. B。 句意： 有一段时间了，各国领导人一直强调在裁军问题上达成一致是非常必要的。
该句的时间状语为for some time now 根据句意，主句的时态应为现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去某一时间开始一致延续到现在，而且动作可能还会继续下去。
现在完成进行时have been doing强调的是在一段时期内某项活动的持续性，强调的是动作本身。现在完成时have done则是强调动作产生的结果或取得的成就，而不是动作本身。二者的这种区别我们从下面的这些例句可以很好地领悟到：
    (1) a. My hands are very dirty. I’ve been painting the house.
        b. I have painted the house green. The house was white, but now it’s green.
（2）a. I have been living here for ten years. b. I have lived here for ten years
在带有“一段时间”时，用两种时态几乎没有多大区别，都表示一个开始于过去的动作一直延续到现在
25 C 【译文】如果她立刻就走，她上学就不会迟到。
【试题分析】考虚拟语气，要求学生掌握：省略了if时，句子要倒装。
【详细解答】虚拟语气，省略了if，句子部分倒装。