英语专业四级词汇辨析市公开课一等奖百校联赛特等奖课件.pptx

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,专四易混同词汇辨析,第1页,专四易混同词汇有两种：,形近词,近义词,第2页,deceive,perceive,receive,receipt,He _his friends about his income.,She has _ the danger.,Our TV _well since we had a new antenna put on.,I asked for a _.,第3页,deceive,perceive,receive,receipt,Deceive:,坑骗，蒙骗,He deceived his friends about his income.,他在自己收入问题上坑骗了朋友。,Perceive,：感觉，觉察，领悟,She has perceived the danger.,她已觉察到那危险了。,Receive,：收到，接待,Our TV receives well since we had a new antenna put on.,自从安装了新天线以来,我们电视接收良好。,Receipt,：收据，发票,I asked for a receipt.,我要一张发票。,第4页,consult,result,insult,He _ the workers to understand the technical process.,The _was quite opposite to what we had expected.,He turned crimson under the _.,第5页,consult,result,insult,Consult,：咨询，商议,He consulted the workers to understand the technical process.,他问询工人,想了解技术上程序。,Result,：结果，效果,The result was quite opposite to what we had expected.,结果和我们所期望完全相反。,Insult,：欺侮,冒犯,He turned crimson under the insults.,他脸因受到欺侮而涨得通红。,第6页,Deduce,reduce,reproduce,On the basis of evidence we _ that he was guilty.,He wont _ the rent of our house.,Rabbits _quickly.,第7页,Deduce,reduce,reproduce,Deduce:,推论,演绎,On the basis of evidence we deduced that he was guilty.,依据这些证据我们推断他是有罪。,Reduce,：降低,;,降低,He wont reduce the rent of our house.,他不愿降低我们住房租金。,Reproduce,：复制，繁殖,Rabbits reproduce quickly.,兔子繁殖速度很快。,第8页,compose,dispose,propose,These twelve men are believed to,_ the jury.,He _ his books on the shelves.,They _ to make arrangement beforehand.,第9页,compose,dispose,propose,Compose,：组成,组成,创作,These twelve men are believed to compose the jury.,据信,陪审团是由这,12,人组成。,Dispose,处理,;,布置,He disposed his books on the shelves.,把书籍排列在书架上。,Propose,：提议，求婚,They proposed to make arrangement beforehand.,他们提议事先做好安排。,第10页,radius,radium,radiate,He has visited every shop within a _ of two miles.,_can be used to treat cancer.,The sun _ light and heat.,第11页,radius,radium,radiate,Radius:,半径,He has visited every shop within a radius of two miles.,周围两英里以内店铺他都去过。,Radium,：,化,镭,Radium can be used to treat cancer.,镭能够用来治疗癌症。,Radiate,：发射出,(,光、热等,),，向四面伸出,The sun radiates light and heat.,太阳散发光和热。,第12页,assist,consist,resist,insist,persist,He _ in designing the new bridge.,A university _ of teachers,ministrators and students.,Lack of proper nourishment _ their power to resist disease.,I will have another glass if you _.,On the tops of very high mountains snow _ throughout the year.,第13页,assist,consist,resist,insist,persist,Assist:,援助,He assisted in designing the new bridge.,他帮助设计那条新桥。,consist,：组成，组成,A university consists of teachers,administrators and students.,大学由教师,行政人员和学生组成。,Resist,：抵制，反抗,Lack of proper nourishment reduces their power to resist disease.,营养不良降低了他们抵抗疾病能力。,Insist,：,坚持要求，坚持认为,I will have another glass if you insist.,你这么坚持我就再喝一杯。,Persist,：坚持，存留,On the tops of very high mountains snow persists throughout the year.,高山顶上,积雪终年不化。,第14页,Statue,status,Statue:,雕像,Statue of Liberty,自由女神,Status,：地位、身份；情形、情况,Age has status in the villages.,在乡村里年长者受人尊敬。,We all are interested in the status of world affairs.,我们都关心世界形势。,第15页,Affect,defect,effect,infect,Affect:,影响,The tax increases have affected us all.,加税已经影响了我们全部人。,Defect:,缺点、瑕疵,We must correct our defects as soon as possible.,我们必须尽快纠正我们缺点。,Effect,：效果、影响,When does the new law come into effect?,新法律何时生效？,Infect,：感染、影响,Marys high spirits infected all the girls in the class.,玛丽兴致感染了全班女孩。,第16页,Conserve,deserve,observe,preserve,Conserve:,保护,保藏,保留,Conserve your energy,youll need it!,保留你精力,你会用得着！,Deserve:,应受，值得,What crime have they committed to deserve such cruelty?,他们犯了什么错，竟遭如此处罚？,Observe,：观察，研究；遵照,He observes carefully but says little.,他总是仔细观察,极少说话。,Preserve,：保护；维持,We must preserve our natural resources.,我们必须保护自然资源。,第17页,transport,transform,transaction,A bus _ us from the airport to the city.,The sofa can _ for use as a bed.,Buying a house is an important _ for most people.,第18页,transport,transform,transaction,Transport,：运输，运输,A bus transported us from the airport to the city.,一辆公共汽车把我们从飞机场送到城里。,Transform,：改变，变形,The sofa can transform for use as a bed.,这个沙发可改作床用。,Transaction,：交易；办理,Buying a house is an important transaction for most people.,买房子对大多数人来讲都是件主要事。,第19页,Explore:,探索，勘察,We must explore all the possibilities.,我们必须探讨全部可能性。,Exploit,：剥削，开发，利用,We shall exploit our rich resource to expand the economy.,我们应该利用我们丰富资源发展经济。,Comprehensive,：综合，全方面,We have a rather comprehensive subway system here.,我们这儿有相当广泛地铁系统。,Comprehension,：了解（力）,Its quite past my comprehension.,这件事已远超出我了解力了。,第20页,spontaneous,simultaneous,To be thoroughly enjoyed,reading must be entirely _.,We need a _ interpreter.,第21页,spontaneous,simultaneous,Spontaneous:,自发，无意识,To be thoroughly enjoyed,reading must be entirely spontaneous.,一个人读书必须出其自然，才能够彻底享受读书乐趣。,Simultaneous,：同时发生,We need a simultaneous interpreter.,我们需要一个同声翻译。,第22页,Record,accord,cordial,Some _ of ancient civilization were discovered recently.,Your views are not in _ with mine.,They came to an _ that profits should be shared equally.,The banquet was full of _ and friendly atmosphere.,第23页,Record,accord,cordial,Record:,统计,Some records of ancient civilization were discovered recently.,最近发觉了一些古代文明统计。,Accord:n.,一致，符合,Your views are not in accord with mine.,你观点与我不一致。,They came to an accord that profits should be shared equally.,他们达成协议,收益由大家均分。,Cordial,：赤诚，友好,The banquet was full of cordial and friendly atmosphere.,宴会一直充满亲切友好气氛,第24页,scare,sacred,scarce,scare,：,v.,恐吓；,adj.,吓人,Well scare her out of telling the police.,我们要把她吓得不敢报警。,sacred,神圣，不可 冒犯,In Africa the snake is still sacred with many tribes.,非洲许多部落仍认为蛇是不可冒犯。,scarce,缺乏,The food was scarce during the war.,战争期间食物短缺。,第25页,reject,拒绝,inject,注射,reflect,反射，反应,eject,逐出，弹出,The patron of the bar was ejected for creating a disturbance.,酒吧客人因制造骚乱而被驱离。,inflect,弯曲,转向,By inflect the voice more one can hold the attention of an audience.,讲话声音有些抑扬改变能够吸引住听众注意力。,第26页,Instinct,distinct,extinct,instinct,本能,The sight of the hopeless little boy aroused her maternal instincts.,那个绝望小男孩模样唤起了她母性。,distinct,清楚，截然不一样,The party split into two distinct groups.,该党分裂成两个截然不一样团体。,extinct,灭绝，消逝,Nothing could rekindle her extinct passion.,她激情已逝,无从心回意转。,第27页,adapt,adopt,adept,adapt,是动词，其意为“改编，改变,以适应”。,All life is about changeyou either adapt or die.,生命在于改变,要么适应要么死亡。,adopt,也是动词，其意为“收养，采纳，采取”。,The resolution was adopted by an overwhelming majority.,决议以压倒多数经过。,adept,是形容词，其意为“擅长，有技巧”。,Unfortunately,I am more adept at spending money than making it.,不幸是，我花钱本事远远大于我挣钱本事,第28页,altitude,aptitude,attitude,latitude,altitude,高度,海拔,(an altitude of 20,000 meters above sea level,海拔,20,000,米）,aptitude,才能,智力,倾向,习性,attitude,态度,看法,latitude,纬度,(longitude,经度,),第29页,Valid,vain,vacant,vague,valid,有效，有充分依据。,The contract is valid for six months.,vain,无益，徒然，自负。,She made a vain attempt to persuade him to come back.,vacant,空，未被占用，空虚。,He applied for a vacant position.,vague,不清楚，含糊，茫然。,I havent the vaguest idea of what they want.,第30页,专四易混同词汇有两种：,形近词,近义词,第31页,声称，断定,assert“,宣称，坚持”，指不论事实怎样，主观自信地宣称,claim“,声称，主张”，往往表示说话者反对或不一样意某一观点，或指依据某种要求提出要求或主张,allege“,宣称，断定”，指在无真实凭据情况下宣称,affirm“,断言，必定”，指依据事实坚信不移地宣称，而且有可靠证据，任何时候都不动摇,第32页,成就,achievement,指需要勇气和努力才能完成异常危险和困难事，其结果令人佩服；,accomplishment,指需要学问或付出一定劳动后才能且已经完成或做好了事；,feat“,功劳，技艺，壮举”，指需要极大勇气、智慧和力量或技术取得成就，这一成就受人瞩目和佩服；,第33页,抛弃，放弃,abandon,指完全、永远地放弃，尤其指对其负有责任或义务者，或者放弃一个项目或计划。,desert,强调有意违反自己义务、责任或誓言等,forsake,指遗弃以前所爱人或事物，着重于断绝情感上依恋,quit,强调突然或出其不意放弃，普通指“停顿”,give up,多用于口头，表示停顿做某,.,第34页,At fourteen he run away,_1_ his home and friend.,He _2_ his wife and went away with all their money.,The fort had been hurriedly _3_.,You must _4_ smoking,or you wont survive.,One friend of mine has decided to _5_ his highly-paid but demanding position in his company recently.,第35页,1.forsake,2.abandoned,3.desert,4.give up,5.quit,第36页,废除，取消,abolish,指完全消除某项旧制度、法律或旧风俗等,cancel,指某人因某种意想不到原因而暂时取消事前所决定事,eliminate,指淘汰或取消不需要东西,The flight to Tokyo is _1_ because of the storm.,We must _2_ unnecessary expense.,President Lincoln worked to _3_ slavery.,第37页,1.cancelled,2.eliminate,3.abolish,第38页,准确，准确,exact,确切，准确，指数量或质量完全符合事实、真理或标准，没有丝毫差错,correct,正确，指合乎一定标准或规矩，没有错误,precise,精密，指含有高度准确性和准确性,accurate,准确，准确，指某人或某事不但不犯错，而且与事实无出入。,第39页,_,1_ dress for some ceremonies is necessary for those who always attend them.,Is your watch _2_?I suppose its 10 minutes slow.,Keep this _3_ instrument away from insolation,（暴晒）,and aquosity,（潮湿）,.,I cant tell you the _4_ date,but it should be around Oct.20,第40页,1.correct,2.accurate,3.precise,4.exact,第41页,谁会做这道题？,Mary hopes to be _ from hospital next week.,A.dismissed,B.discharged,C.expelled,D.resigned,第42页,dismiss,-end the employment or service of;allow to leave:,be dismissed from school service/class,discharge,-release,as from confinement,care,or duty:,discharge a patient;discharge a soldier;be discharged from hospital military service/from prison/office,expel,-force to leave;deprive of membership:,be expelled from a country school,resign,-give up(a position,for example),especially by formal notification:,resign from cabinet committee,第43页,range,reach,scope,compass,scale,这是一组表示“范围”名词，其侧重点各有不一样。,range,代表是一个能够测量范围，在这个范围内包含一系列可改变数量。,range,还特指视力、听力所能到达距离和枪炮射程。,reach,特指伸手可到达距离或非常近距离，其比喻含义指能力、权力、影响等可到达范围。,scope,指人们所处理、研究事物“范围”以及所掌握、控制“面积”。,scope,比喻含义指是所掌握知识宽度，即“眼界，见识”。,compass,在意义上与,scope,相同，是正式用语，表示活动、兴趣、能力“界限，范围”。,scale,特指刻度、标度范围，也指品级、级别规模和大小范围：,第44页,The bird now came within my range of vision.,那只小鸟飞入了我视野。,Keep the pills out of the reach of the children!,把药放到孩子们够不到地方,!,Is Romanticism in the scope of your book?,你书包括到浪漫主义吗,?,Construction is not within the compass of the department.,工程建设不属这个部门管辖。,This thermometer has two scales marked on it,one in Fahrenheit and the other in Centigrade.,温度计上有两种刻度，一个是华氏，另一个是摄氏。,第45页,edge,border,rim,verge,这组词皆有“边，边缘”之意。,edge,通常指某物一边边线、两个平面交界限以及各种界限，其引申含义表示两个处于不一样性质或状态之间显著界限，特指处于不利状态下边缘。,border,意为“边界，边境，国境”，也能够指装饰周围“边”。,rim,意思是“边，边缘”，尤指圆形或近似圆形物体边缘。,verge,特指道路、花坛等长着草“边缘”。,第46页,This is the north edge of the field.,这是这块地北边线。,The plane flew across the border.,飞机飞越了边境。,He wears a pair of spectacles with gold rims.,他戴一副金丝边眼镜。,She was on the verge of speaking out the secret.,她差点儿把秘密说出来。,第47页,恼怒,annoy,指因为被迫忍受某种不愉快甚至讨厌事情而失去耐心或从容,(be annoyed at/by sth.be annoyed with sb.,对某人,/,某事很生气,),furious,狂怒,(be furious with sb.be furious at/about sth,对某人,/,某事大发雷霆,),indignant,强调是愤恨,愤慨,愤愤不平,irritate,指一再打搅某人,终于使其失去耐心而发怒,.,provoke,激怒,(,人,动物,),使生气,(provoke sb.to do/into doing.,刺激某人做某事,),第48页,admit,allow,permit,approve,使用方法区分,1.admit意思是“同意进入，允许进入”（经常与to连用）。Latecomers will not be admitted until the interval.迟到者在休息时间方可入场,2.allow泛指“普通性同意，允许”。,Passengers are not allowed to smoke.乘客不得吸烟。,3.permit 惯用来表示“上下级之间允许，同意”。,The prisoners were permitted two hours exercise a day.允许犯人天天有两小时户外活动。,4.approve主要意思是“同意（条文，协议等），赞同”（常与of连用）。,I approve of your trying to earn some money,but please dont neglect your studies.,我同意你去挣一些钱，可是请不要误了功课。,第49页,sense,sensitive,sensible,sensational,Sense:,感觉，感官,Sensitive,：敏感,Do not be sensitive!,别神经过敏！,Sensible,：明智，理性,That seems to be a sensible idea.,那似乎是个明智主意。,Sensational,：轰动性，耸人听闻,Newspaper reports the incident sensational,makes it appear worse than it really be.,报纸大肆渲染这件事，描述得更不像话。,第50页,Respectable,respectful,respective,Respectable:,值得尊敬，体面,He wishes to straighten up and lead a respectable life.,他希望改邪归正，过体面生活。,Respectful,：恭敬，有礼貌,He is respectful to his elders.,他对长辈很尊敬。,Respective,：各自，分别,After the party we all go off to our respective room.,聚会之后我们回到各自房间。,第51页,