新目标英语八年级上Unit3-Unit4--学生知识点复习.doc

Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
知识点
I．词组
1. run 跑得快
2. jump 跳得高
3. the 唱歌比赛
4. which one 哪一个
5. want 想要赢
6. the thing最重要的事
7. be music 有音乐天赋
8. the s和……相同；与……一致
9. care about
10. be 擅长做某事…
11. make 让我大笑
12. a good 一个好的听众
13. be 与……类似的
14. be different from
15. be like a 像一面镜子
16. make friends交朋友
17. as long as
18. bring 使显现；使表现出
bring out me.把我最好的方面发掘出来
19. get better 取得更好的成绩
20. break one’s arm伤了胳膊
21. reach for伸手够到；达到
22. touch one’s 感动某人
23. in fact
24. my favorite 我最喜欢的格言
25. the other其他的
26. be 善于与……相处
27. have sth. 享受做某事的乐趣
II. 习惯用法、搭配
28. be good at doing sth 擅长做某事
29. have fun doing sth.做某事很高兴
30. make sb. do sth.让某人做某事
31. want to do sth.
32. It’s+形+（for sb.）to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事是…的。
33. as +形或副词原级+ as 与…一样…
not as/so…as… …不如…
III．重要句子：
34. Sam has longer hair than Tom.
=Sam’s hair
35. She also than Tara.她唱歌也比泰拉声大
36. Nelly . 内莉唱得如此好。
37. Is Tom Sam?汤姆比萨姆聪明吗？
38. Are you your sister? 你与你姐一样友好吗？
39. Does Tara work Tina? 工作一样努力
40. Who is , your mother your father ?
你妈妈和你爸爸谁更聪明？
41. My mother told me a good friend is like a mirror.
我妈妈告诉我
42. We sports. 我们两个都喜欢运动
43. My best friend helps .
我最好的朋友帮我把最好的方面发掘出来。
44. Larry is much less hard-working, so I always get better grades.拉里不如我用功，因此我总是取得更好的成绩。 
IV．语法讲解
Ⅰ、形容词与副词的比较等级
（1）．规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。
构成法
原级
比较级
最高级
一般单音节词末尾加-er，-est
tall（高的）
great（巨大的）
taller
greater
tallest
greatest
以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r，-st
nice（好的）
large（大的）
nicer
larger
nicest
largest
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est
big（大的）
hot（热的）
bigger
hotter
biggest
hottest
“以辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，
-est
easy（容易的）
busy（忙的）
easier
busier
easiest
busiest
少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er，-est
clever（聪明的）
narrow（窄的）
cleverer
narrower
cleverest
narrowest
其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级
important（重要的）
easily（容易地）
more important
more easily
most important
most easily
2．不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good（好的）well（健康的）
better
best
bad（坏的）ill（有病的）
worse
worst
old（老的）
older/elder
oldest/eldest
much/many（多的）
more
most
little（少的）
less
least
far（远的）
farther/further
farthest/furthest
（2）. 形容词比较级的常见用法
1）两者之间的比较，句中有明显的标志词than
Tom is taller than John
2）Which/Who is + 比较级, A or B ?
Which is easier, maths or English?
3）能修饰比较级的副词：much(…的多)、 a lot(…的多)、even(更…)、still（更…）、a bit(…一点儿)
This city is much more beautiful than that one
Today is even hotter than yesterday.
4）… is the +比较级 + of the two.
Tom is the taller of the two boys. 汤姆是这两个男孩中最高
5）…数量 + 比较级 than …
My father is three years older than my mother.
6）比较级+ and + 比较级， “越来越…”
Now it is hotter and hotter. 现在越来越热
7）The + 比较级…，the + 比较级… “越…，就越…”
The more , the better. 越多越好。
（句型结构）、形容词的比较级用法
两者(即两个人或物体)进行比较时，用比较级表示，其结构是：
主语+连系动词be+形容词比较级+than+对比成分(或从句)
Mike is _________ Tom. 迈克比汤姆老。
The sun is________than the earth. 太阳比地球大。
使用比较级应注意的问题
1．形容词比较级前可加much, a lot,(两多) a bit, a little,（两少），even ,far(两甚至)表示程度的状语：
He’s feeling much________today. 他感到今天好多了。
2．比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词：
My sister is _____ _____ _______ than me.  我妹妹比我小十岁。
This street is one hundred metres _______than that one.这条街比那条街长一百米。
3.形容词比较级要避免与自身进行比较。要用“比较级+than any other+单数名词”来表示“比其他的任何……都……”
Lin Tao is older than__________ student in the class.林涛比班上其他任何同学的年龄都大。
4.特殊结构：
“比较级+and+比较级”，“more and more+多音节形容词”译为“越来越……”
“the+比较级，the+比较级”译为“越……，就越……”
The city is becoming_____ _______ ____ ______.
这座城市变得越来越美丽。
______ ____ you work，______ _____ progress you'll make.
你越努力，进步越大。
1. 最高级的用法：
1） 表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级
2） 用最高级，形容词的最高级前面要加定冠词the，副词最高级前面的the可以省略
3） 在含有最高级的句子中，常有一个in/of短语表示比较范围
2. 最高级的常见用法：
1）the+最高级+ of/in (三者及以上范围的)
My mother is the busiest in my family
2）one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数 + in/of
Shenzhen is one of the biggest cities in China
3）the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词 + in/of
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China
4）Which/Who is the + 最高级,A ,B or C ?
Which is the biggest, the moon, the earth or the sun ?
4） This is the + 最高级 + 名词 (that) I have ever
seen/listened. 这是我曾看过或听过最…的…
This is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited.
2、.Peter likes to do the same things as me. 彼得喜欢和我做一样的事情。
My best friend Larry is quite different from me. 我最好的朋友拉里和我不一样。
（1）the same as...意为“与••••••相同”。例如：
My birthday is the same as Tom’s. 我的生日与汤姆的一样。
I have the same school bag as yours. 我有一个和你一样的书包。
（2）different from...意为“和••••••不一样”，是the same as...的反义词组。
Lucy is different from Lily. 露西与莉莉不一样。
[拓展] difference 意为“不同；不用之处”，可做可数名词，也可用作不可数名词。例如：
There is no difference between the twins.那对双胞胎长得一模一样。
There are some differences between Tom and Bob.
①Life in the country is quite _______  that in the city.
  A. the same   B. different from   C. full of   D.the same as  
②Is your pen _______ Jim’s?
  A.same as    B.the same      C.the same with  D.the same as
③ There is not much  _______ (different) in price between the two coats.
④ 我的妹妹和我不一样。
My sister  _______   _______   _______  me.
3、We both like sports. 我们两个都喜欢运动。
They are both tall. 他们两个都高。 (助后行前)
both 表示两者都, neither 表示两者都不。both of/neither of 表示“两者都/都不”。例如：
They both are students.= Both of them are students.  他们两个都是学生。
The girls both like English.=Both of the girls like English. 这两个女孩都喜欢英语。 Neither of them is a doctor. 他们两个都不是医生。
① There are lots of colorful flowers on  _______ sides of the streets. A.each    B.both   C.either   D.all
② What are your parents?They  doctors.
A.are all    B.are both  C.all are   D.both are
③Li Lei and Li Ming black hair.
A.have both B.both have C.has both D.both has
④Both of them are doctors.(改为否定句） ______  ______ them ______  a doctor.
4、Huang Lei isn’t as good at tennis as Larry. 黄磊不如拉里擅长网球。
 as...as 与••••••一样  not as/so...as 不如••••••中间加形容词或副词的原级。
例如：He is as tall as Tom. 他跟汤姆一样高。
She isn’t as outgoing as her sister. 她不如她的姐姐外向。
① Jim is twelve years old. Tim is twelve years old, too.(合并为同义句）
Jim is _______ _______ _______ Tim.
② English is as easy as math.(改为否定句）
English _______  _______ ______ ________ _______math.
③ Write _______ and try not to make any mistakes.
A.as careful as possible    B.more careful
C.most careful           D.as carefully as you can
④Do you think football is as _______ as basketball in America?
  A.most popular   B.the most popular   C.more popular  D. popular
⑤This math problem is _______that one.
A.not so easy as B.more easy than C.as easier as D.easy than
与比较级的转换

5、However,Larry is much less hard-working, so I always get better grades.然而拉里不如我用功，因此我总是取得更好的成绩。
（1）little 和much 都可用来修饰比较级，表示“更•••••一点，•••••得多”。
例如：He is a little shorter than you. 他比你少矮一点儿。
[拓展] 修饰比较级除了用a little,much外，还可用even（甚至），far(非常），a lot(非常），a bit(一点）等。
①This is my friend. He is outgoing than I am.
A. much B.more much C.a little more  D.a lot of more
② She is _______ _______  _______(稍矮一点）than Tom.
6、I think a good friend makes me laugh.我认为好朋友会使我笑。
make v. 制造；使；让。常用结构：make sb./ sth.+adj. 使/让某人/某事怎么样；make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事。
Mother made a birthday cake for me.妈妈为我做了一个生日蛋糕。
The news makes everyone happy.这个消息使每个人都很快乐。
His mother made him finish the work alone.他妈妈让他一个人完成这项工作。
① The boss makes the worker _______10 hours every day.
A.work   B.to work   C.working   D.works  
②Mr Bean enjoys  _______ jokes and often makes us  _______.
A.to tell; to laugh  B.tells; laugh   C.telling; laugh D.telling; laughing
③ His parents often make him _______ his homework till 10 pm.
A.do   B.does   C.to do   D.doing
④这个消息使每个人都很快乐。The news _______everyone_______.  
7、Who (do you think ) should get the job, Jenny or Jill?你认为谁应该得到这份工作，詹妮还是吉尔？
1）本句是由“特殊疑问句+选项”构成的选择疑问句，“do you think”作插入语。
Who do you think cleaned the classroom yesterday?你认为昨天谁打扫的教室？
Which bike do you think is Tom’s, the new one or the old one?你认为哪辆自行车是汤姆的，那辆新的还是旧的呢？
What do you think makes me laugh?
⑴or 意为“或者；还是”，常用于选择疑问句中。例如：Do you like math or English? 你喜欢数学还是英语？
① Lucy ，do you think who _____ the shortest in your class?
A.do   B.does    C.is    D.are
② Which do you think _______ the longest river in China?
A.is    B.are  C.am  D.be
③ Who do you think _______ him clean the classroom yesterday?
A.help    B.helped  C.helps  D.helping

Unit4 What’s the best movie theater?
知识点
I．词组
1. movie theater
1. seats 最舒适的座位
2. Be home离家近
3. buy tickets 买票快
4. the time 最短的等待时间
5. clothes store服装店
6. radio station 广播电台
7. 在镇上
8. so far
9. watch movies 看电影
10. 没什么，别客气
11. 10 minutes 坐公交10分钟的路程
12. 才艺表演
13. 越来越受欢迎
14. the world全世界=
15. 例如（列举）
16. have… 有共同之处
17. 寻找 找出…；查明…
18. 等等
19. 各种各样的
20. be up to
21. 在…方面起作用
22. get a 得到奖励
23. 并不是每个人
24. 编造（故事、谎言等）
25. 由…编造，被编造
26. 例如 （举例子说明）
27. 认真对待
28. give sb. sth.= 给某人某物
29. （梦想、希望）实现
30. sing 唱快歌
II. 习惯用法、搭配
31. How do you like…? 你认为……怎么样？
32. Can I ask you…? 我能问你……吗？
33. Thanks for doing sth.因做某事而感谢
34. much+ adj./adv.的比较级 ……得多
35. watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做某事
36. one of+可数名词的复数 ……之一
37. play a role in doing sth 在做…方面起作用
III．重要句子：
1. What’s the best movie theater ?去什么影院最好?
2. Which is clothes store in town?
哪个是镇上最差的服装店？
3. What do you 970 AM?你觉得…怎么样
4. is it from your home ? 10 minutes by bus.
5. It has seats. 它有最舒服的座位。
6. The DJs songs .
那些音乐节目主持人们选择歌曲最细致。
7. Thanks me.多谢你告诉我。
8. Can I ask you some questions? ？
9. Who is the ?谁是最好的表演者。
10.  It’s always other people their talents.观看别人展示他们的才艺总是很有趣。
11. All these shows have .
所有这些节目有一个共同之处。
12. That’s . 这由你来决定。
13. However, and everybody these shows.然而，并不是所有的人都喜欢看这些节目。
3. in town在城镇，town前加不加冠词或修饰成分。
in the city 在城市， in the country在乡村
4. Comfortably 为comfortable的副词，意为“舒服地；舒适地”， most comfortably 是它的最高级形式。（副词和动词好朋友）
[拓展]beautiful－beautifully，cheap－cheaply，careful－carefully
5. watch sb.do sth. 意为“观看某人做了某事”，强调“观看了全过程”。
watch sb.doing sth. 则表示“观看某人正在做某事”强调“动作正在进行”。例如：
I’m watching them playing football.  我正观看他们踢足球
hear，see, feel, notice 等感官动词的用法与watch一致。例如
I saw him get on the bus. 我见他上了公共汽车。（动作已完成）
I saw him getting on the bus. 我见他正上公共汽车。（动作正在进行)
二. 选择填空。
1.Birds can fly ___ __, eagles can fly_ __than birds.
They fly __ __ in the world. ( high, higher, highest )
2. I am _______ than my brother, but my little sister is the _________ of us. (fat, fatter, fattest )
3. Which can swim ______________, fish or sharks?
( well, better, best )
4. The green book is a ____book, but the red one is much _ _ than the green one. It’s __ __ book in the bookshop. (nice, nicer, nicest )
5. Look at that boy, he is running ______ of all.(fast, fastest).
6. I think that book is ____________(good, better) for you.
7. The new library has __________ (many, more) books than the old one.
8. Sally is __________(tall, taller) than her cousin.
9. Our school is much _________ (large, larger) than yours.
10. Look, Janet is jumping _________ (high, higher) than Mike.
11．Mr Hare runs much __ _ (fast, faster) than Mr Turtle. But Mr Green runs__ __ (fast, faster) of all .
12. In the gym, Tommy is playing table tennis ________(well, better) than Jimmy.
13. This book is very ______(interesting, more interesting) , but that one is____ __ (interesting, more interesting) than it.
14. The film is the _______ (terrible, more terrible, most terrible) film of all.
15. It’s summer now. The weather is getting __ ___.(hot and hot, hotter and hotter, hottest and hottest)
三．单项选择
1.He feels _____today than yesterday.
A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired
2. Which do you like _____, coffee, tea or milk?
A. worst B. worse C. the worse
3. Of the two toys, the child chose_____.
A. the expensive one B. one most expensive
C. a least expensive D. the more expensive of them
4. The line is ____ than that one. A. more longer
B. not longer C. much longer D. many more longer
5. The earth is _____ the moon.
A. as 49 times big as B. 49 times as bigger as
C. 49 times as big as D.as big as 49 times
6. The book is ____ of the two.
A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest
7. She looks _____ than she does. A. the more older
B. very older C. much older D. more older
8. The garden is becoming ______.
A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautiful
C. more and more beautiful D. beautifuler and beautifuler
9. They competed (比赛）to see who could work _____.
A. the fastest and best B. the faster and the better
C. fastest and better D. faster and better
10.___ hurry, ____speed. A. More, less
B. Much, little C. The more, the less D. The much, the little
11. This kind of coffee is not only different ______.
A. and it is also better B. and better than the other
C. but also better than others
12 -- Are you feeling ____? -- Yes，I'm fine now.
A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better
13.The experiment(实验) was____ easier than we had expected.
A. more B. much more C. much D. more much
14．If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school.
A. the happiest time B. a more happier time
C. much happiest time D. a much happier time
15._______ of the two women is Mrs. Brown.
A. The beautiful B.The more beautiful
C More beautiful D.The most beautiful
16.He jumps ______ of the three.
A. far B.further C.farthest D.furthest
17. There are _____ girls in Class Two than in Class Four.
A. more B.nicest C.most D.best
18.No one is ____ Mary in the class.
A. so tallest as B.as taller as C