新概念英语第三册逐句精讲第课熟记于心.doc

新概念英语第三册逐句精讲:第22课熟记于心

Lesson22 by Heart 熟记于心
　　新概念3课文内容：
　　Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end.In many ways, this is unfortunate for the poor actors who are required to go on repeating the same lines night after night. One would expect them to know their parts by heart and never have cause to falter. Yet this is not always the case.
　　A famous actor in a highly successful play was once cast in the role of an aristocrat who had been imprisoned in the Bastille for twenty years. In the last act, a gaoler would always come on to the stage with a letter which he would hand to the prisoner. Even though the noble was expected to read the letter at each performance, he always insisted that it should be written out in full.
　　One night, the gaoler decided to play a joke on his colleague to find out if, after so many performances, he had managed to learn the contents of the letter by heart. The curtain went up on the final act of the play and revealed the aristocrat sitting alone behind bars in his dark cell. Just then, the gaoler appeared with the precious letter
in his hands. He entered the cell and presented the letter to the aristocrat. But the copy he gave him had not been written out in full as usual. It was simply a blank sheet of paper. The gaoler looked on eagerly, anxious to see if his fellow actor had at last learnt his lines. The noble stared at the blank sheet of paper for a few seconds.
　　Then, squinting his eyes, he said: 'The light is dim. Read the letter to me'. And he promptly handed the sheet of paper to the gaoler. Finding that he could not remember a word of the letter either, the gaoler replied: 'The light is indeed dim, sire, I must get my glasses.' With this, he hurried off the stage. Much to the aristocrat's amusement, the gaoler returned a few moments later with a pair of glasses and the usual copy of the letter with he proceeded to read to the prisoner.
　　新概念英语3逐句精讲：　　
　　1.Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end.
　　有些剧目十分成功，以致连续上演好几年。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:本句中含有一个由so…that…引导的结果状语从句，so successful指出原因“太成功了”，that引出结果“连续上演”。
　　语言点2:由本句的中心词play拓展学习相关词汇:
　　drama 戏剧
　　opera 歌剧
　　Beijign Opera 京剧
　　mummery 哑剧
　　farce 滑稽剧
　　musical 音乐剧
　　The stages 戏剧
　　puppet show 木偶剧
　　2.In many ways, this is unfortunate for the poor actors who are required to go on repeating the same lines night after night.
　　这样一来，可怜的演员们可倒霉了。因为他们需要一夜连着一夜地重复同样的台词。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:who引导定语从句，修饰actors。
　　3.One would expect them to know their parts by heart and never have cause to falter.
　　人们以为，这些演员一定会把台词背得烂熟，绝不会临场结巴的。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:用one代替people指“人们”不失为一种很好的写作手法，值得我们学习。To know their parts为动词不定式短语，作宾语them的补足语，补充说明“期待他们做什么”。
　　语言点2:do sth.by heart是“凭记忆做某事”的意思。此外，do sth.with ease可理解为“轻松完成某事”，do sth.with difficulty的意思是“做某事有困难或不易”。
　　4. Yet this is not always the case.
　　但情况却并不总是这样。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:yet表转折，这是一种相当委婉的表达方式。
　　5. A famous actor in a highly successful play was once cast in the role of an aristocrat who had been imprisoned in the Bastille for twenty years.
　　有一位名演员曾在一出极为成功的剧目中扮演一个贵族角色，这个贵族已在巴士底狱被关押了20年。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:who引导定语从句，修饰arisocrat。
　　语言点2:优秀写作短语总结:扮演一个…角色；起到…作用
　　cast a role of
　　have a role in
　　play the part of
　　be in the role of
　　例句支持:
　　The regimental police have played a great role in this rescue.
特警在这次解救行动中起到了极其重要的作用。

　　6. In the last act, a gaoler would always come on to the stage with a letter which he would hand to the prisoner.
　　在最后一幕中，狱卒手持一封信上场，然后将信交给狱中那位贵族。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:which引导定语从句，修饰letter。
　　语言点2:had sth.to sb.的意思是“把某物交给某人”。
　　7.Even though the noble was expected to read the letter at each performance, he always insisted that it should be written out in full.
　　尽管那个贵族每场戏都得念一遍那封信。但他还是坚持要求将信的全文写在信纸上。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:even though引导让步状语从句。to read the letter at each performance为动词不定式短语，充当主语noble的补足语，说明贵族做什么事情。
　　8.One night, the gaoler decided to play a joke on his colleague to find out if, after so many performances, he had managed to learn the contents of the letter by heart.
　　一天晚上，狱卒决定与他的同事开一个玩笑，看看他反复演出这么多场之后，是否已将信的内容记熟了。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:if在本句中不表条件，而作“是否”讲，if之后的部分都是find out的内容，为宾语从句。
　　9.The curtain went up on the final act of the play and revealed the aristocrat sitting alone behind bars in his dark cell.
　　大幕拉开，最后一幕戏开演，贵族独自一人坐在铁窗后阴暗的牢房里。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:and并列连接前后两个动作，使得句子流畅，衔接自然。Sitting alone behind bars in his dark cell为现在分词短语，作后置定语，修饰aristocrat。
　　10. Just then, the gaoler appeared with the precious letter in his hands.
　　这时狱卒上场，手里拿着那封珍贵的信。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:本句中的appear与上文中的come on to the stage意思相同。
　　语言点2:本句中的the precious letter有些讽刺的含义，需要大家根据上下文反复仔细品味才能理解。
　　11. He entered the cell and presented the letter to the aristocrat.
　　狱卒走进牢房，将信交给贵族。
　　语言点:本句中的present sth.to sb.与上文中的hand sth.to sb.含义相同。
　　12. But the copy he gave him had not been written out in full as usual.
　　但这回狱卒给贵族的信没有像往常那样把全文写全。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:he gave him为省略了which/that的定语从句，修饰copy。
　　语言点2:wirte out in full意为“全部写出来”。
　　13. It was simply a blank sheet of paper.
　　而是一张白纸。
　　语言点:simply是副词，在此起强调作用。

　　14. The gaoler looked on eagerly, anxious to see if his fellow actor had at last learnt his lines.
　　狱卒热切地观察着，急于想了解他的同事是否记熟了台词。
　　语言点:句子结构分析:look on eargely的意思是“热切地观察”。
　　15. The noble stared at the blank sheet of paper for a few seconds.
　　贵族盯着纸看了几秒钟。
　　语言点:stare at的意思是“盯着…看”，有时间上的持续性。
　　16. Then, squinting his eyes, he said: 'The light is dim. Read the letter to me'.
　　然后，眼珠一转，说道：“光线太暗，请给我读一下这封信。”
　　语言点:句子结构分析:现在分词短语squinting his eyes作状语。
　　17. And he promptly handed the sheet of paper to the gaoler.
　　说完，他一下子把信递给狱卒。
　　语言点:promptly 立刻，立即。
　　18. Finding that he could not remember a word of the letter either, the gaoler replied: 'The light is indeed dim, sire, I must get my glasses.'
　　狱卒发现自己连一个字也记不住，于是便说：“陛下，这儿光线的确太暗了，我得去眼镜拿来。”
　　语言点:句子结构分析:finding that…是原因状语从句，其中含有一个that引导的宾语从句，说明finding的内容。
　　19.With this, he hurried off the stage.
他一边说着，一边匆匆下台。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:with this表示“说着”。
　　语言点2:与stage有关的短语总结:
　　on the stage 在舞台上
　　come on to the stage 上台，上场
　　step down from the stage 走下舞台
　　hurry off the stage 匆匆下台
　　walking board （模特，演员）走台
　　20.Much to the aristocrat's amusement, the gaoler returned a few moments later with a pair of glasses and the usual copy of the letter with he proceeded to read to the prisoner.
贵族感到非常好笑的是：一会儿工夫，狱卒重新登台，拿来一副眼镜以及平时使用的那封信，然后为那囚犯念了起来。
　　语言点1:句子结构分析:much to+one’s sth.是一个固定搭配，表示“给某人带来很大的…”。
　　语言点2:return with sth.的意思是“带着某物返回”。
　　语言点3:proceed to read to the prisoner中的第一个to是动词不定式符号，第二个to为介词，表示动词施动的对象。