2019中考英语：动词不定式短语归纳+练习含答案.doc

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2019中考英语：动词不定式短语归纳+练习含答案
常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结 .固定用法(非谓语动词)：
一．以下是带to的动词不定式常见搭配
★希望做某事hope to do sth.
★决定做某事decide to do sth.
★同意做某事agree to do sth.
★需要某人做某事need to do sth.
★使用某物做某事use sth to do sth
★迫不及待做某事can’t wait to do
★准备做某事get/be ready to do
★尽力/努力做某事try to do sth
★计划做某事plan to do sth.
★不得不have to do
★轮流做某事take one’s turns to do sth.
★拒绝做某事refuse to do sth.
★告诉某人做某事tell sb. to do sth.
★请某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.
★希望某人做某事wish sb. to do sth.
★想要某人做某事want /would like sb. to do sth.
★同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth.
★教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth.
★喜欢/想要某人做某事 like sb. to do sth.
★帮助某人做某事help sb. to do sth/help sb.do
★encourage sb to do 鼓励某人做
★It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事
★ It’s time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事时候了
★ ★It’s +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是……（当adj.是表示性格、品德的形容词时用of） 例句: It is easy for me to learn it well. It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so.
★ It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花了某时间
例句: 1.It takes me an hour to get to school by bike.
★too+adj./adv. to do sth. 太…..而不能
例: He was too angry to say a word.
★find/think/feel it +adj. to do sth.发现/认为/感到做某事是… 例: I find/think/feel it hard to learn English well.
★序数词+to do 第…..个做某事
例句:Who is the first to get there?
★我不知/忘记了怎么办。I didn't know/forgot what to do.
★ 离开房间时不要忘记/记住关灯
例句:Don’t forget/Remember to turn off the lights when you left the room
★ be+adj+to do sth
例句:I am very sorry to hear that. I am ready to help others.
顺口溜：
本领最多不定式，主表定补宾和状；
样样成分都能干，只有谓语它不敢；
大家千万要小心，有时它把句型改；
作主语时用it，自己在后把身藏；
七个感官三使役，宾补要把to甩开；
疑问词后接上它，宾语从句可充当；
逻辑主语不定式，不定式前加for sb.；
to前not是否定，各种用法区别开。
二．以下是不带to的动词不定式(即动词原形)的常见用法
★ let sb. do sth让某人做某事 ★ make do sth使得某人做某事
★ hear sb do sth听见某人做某事
★see sb do sth看见某人做某事
★ why not 或why don’t you +动词原形？为什么不….?（表示建议）
例:Why not/Why don’t you take a walk?
★ 某人+had better( not)do 某人最好(不)做某事
★ 情态动词can/may /must /should+ 动词原形（包括情态动词的否定形式+动词原形）
★ 助动词do/does/did/will/would在构成疑问句或者构成否定句即don’t /doesn’t /didn’t /will not /would not+ 动词原形
★ be going to + 动词原形（表示“即将”“打算” 做某事）
★ 主语+及物动词+名词/代词+不带的to的动词不定式
　　说明：用于本句型的动词不定式有两类：一是感官动词see， find， hear， notice， watch， smell， observe， look at， listen to等;二是某些使役动词，如let， make， have等。
　　例：a)I‘ve never known him tell lies.我从来没有听说他说谎。
　　b)Mother let me go to camp.母亲让我去参加露营。
三．只能是doing sth
1、 enjoy doing sth[]享受做某事 2、 finish doing sth[]结束做某事
3、 practice doing sth[]练习做某事 4、 mind doing sth []介意某事
5、 be busy doing sth []忙于做某事 6、 have fun doing sth []很开心做某事
7、 have problems doing sth []有问题做某事 8、 have difficulties doing sth []有困难做某事
9、 have trouble doing sth[]有麻烦做某事 10、 spend some time doing sth []花时间做某事
11、 prefer doing sth to doing sth []更喜欢做某事 12、 be used to doing sth []习惯于做某事 13、 look forward to doing sth []盼望做某事 14、 be interested in doing sth []有兴趣做某事
四．只能是to do sth
15、 want to do sth []想要 16、 would like to do []愿意
17、 agree to do []同意 18、 refuse to do []拒绝
19、 decide to do []决定 20、 plan to do[]计划
21、 expect to do[]期望 22、 hope to do[]希望
23、 wish to do[]但愿
五．to do doing 均可，但意思不一样
24、 like to do sth[]喜欢马上去做某事
25、 like doing sth []平常喜欢做某事
26、 prefer to do sth []更喜欢马上去做某事
27、 prefer doing sth []平常更喜欢做某事
28、 hate to do []不喜欢马上去做某事
29、 hate doing sth[]平常不喜欢做某事
30、 try to do sth []尽力去做某事
31、 try doing sth []试着去做某事
32、 remember to do sth []记得去做某事
33、 remember doing sth []记得做过某事
34、 forget to do sth []忘记去做某事
35、 forget doing sth []忘记做过某事
36、 stop to do sth []停下来去做某事
37、 stop doing sth []停下正做的事
六．V+sb+to do sth结构
38、 would like sb to do sth[]愿意某人去做某事 39、 like sb to do sth[]喜欢某人去做某事
40、 want sb to do sth []想要某人去做某事 41、 wish sb to do sth []但愿某人去做某事
42、 expect sb to do sth []期盼某人去做某事 43、 prefer sb to do sth []更喜欢某人去做某事 44、 allow sb to do sth []同意某人去做某事 45、 encourage sb to do sth []鼓励某人去做某事 46、 advise sb to do sth []建议某人去做某事 47、 ask sb to do sth []要求某人去做某事
48、 tell sb to do sth []告诉某人去做某事 49、 get sb to do sth[]使得某人去做某事
50、 invite sb to do sth []邀请某人去做某事
一、单项选择：
1. Would you please tell me _______ next?
A. A. how to do　　 B. what to do　     C. what do I do　  D. how I should do
2. The girl wasn't _______ to lift that bookcase.
A. A. too strong　　 B. enough strong　 C. strong enough　D. so strong
3. For a time his grandmother found _______ accept his new idea.
A. A. hard　　        B. it hard　　         C. it hard to　　    D. it is hard to
4. As she has never been there before, I'll have someone _______ her the way.
A. A. show　　        B. to show　　      C. showing　         D. showed
5. You _______ drive slowly. The roads are wet.
A. A. had rather　　 B. would rather　   C. had better　　  D. would better
6. Nothing can make the brave soldier _______ his country.
A. turn against　　B. to turn against　 C. to turn to　　 D. turn to
7. In the old days it was difficult for the poor _______ a job.
A. A. find　　          B. to find　　         C. look　　         D. to look for
8. When learning a foreign language, try our best _______ the spirit of it.
A. A. master　　       B. hold　　            C. take hold of　 D. to master
9. It was foolish _______ his car unlocked.
A. for him to leave　B. of him to leave　C. for him leave　D. him to leave
10. Remember _______ the newspaper when you have finished it.
A. putting back　　B. put back　        C. to put back　　D. will put back
11. Napoleon spoke so loudly as to _______ in front of his soldiers.
A. hear　　　　　B. be heard　 　  C. listen　　　　  D. be listened to
12. Television and radio _______ to know what is going on all over the world.
A. made it possible of us　 　              B. have made us possible
C. have made it possible for us　           D. have made it be possible for us
13. .I have enjoyed my visit here. I'll be very sorry _______.
A. for leaving　　    B. to leave 　        C. if leaving　　　D. to have left
14. I don't see how I could possible manage _______ the work without _______.
A. to finish; helping　　　 　               B. to finish; being helped
C. finishing; helping　　　 　               D. finishing; being helped
15. We all think it most foolish _______ this mistake.
A. for you making 　B. of you to make　C. you to make　D. for you to make
16. Because of air pollution being greatly reduced, this city is still _______.
A. a good place which to be lived in　     B. a good place to live
C. a good place to live in　                      D. a good place to live for
17. — You were lost on your way to the lake, weren't you?
— Yes, we were and had to stop _______ the way.
A. asking　　        B. to ask　　     C. asked　   &n 166 bsp;       D. to be asked
18. She felt it a great shame _______ so severely in the presence of her boy friend.
A. to criticize 　                                B. to have criticized　
C. to be criticized                                D. to have been criticized
19. The advertisements are trying _______ people to buy things they don't really need.
A. persuade　　    B. persuading           C. be persuading　D. to persuade
20. If you were much younger, I would arrange _______ as the general manager, for all your colleagues speak highly of your work.
A. for you to work  B. of you to work　 C. for you work 　D. you work
21. On our way back home, we _______ lunch because we felt hungry.
A. stopped to have   B. stop to have　   C. stopped having　D. stoped to have
22. I did nothing but _______ my lessons last Sunday.
A. go over　　       B. to go over　　   C. went over　　   D. go on
23. I'd prefer _______ home rather than _______ a walk.
A. to stay; to take　B. stay; to take　    C. to stay; take　　D. stay; take
24. He was so foolish _______ his car unlocked.
A. to leave　　       B. that leave　        C. as to leave          D. for him to leave
25. Your flat needs _______. Do you want me _______ it for you?
A. to clean; to do　 B. cleaning; doing　C. cleaning; to do    D. to be cleaned; doing
26. What the scientist said greatly encouraged us _______ the experiment again, but his secretary's words discouraged us _______ the experiment any more.
A. to try; to do　　                                B. to try; from doing　 
C. for trying; from doing　                      D. trying; to do
27. _______ water before breakfast seemed to them a rule never _______.
A. To get; breaks　                                B. To get; to break　      
C. Getting; breaks　                              D. Get; to break
28. The patient was warned _______ oily food after operation.
A. to eat not　　    B. eating not　　    C. not to eat　　    D. not eating
29. "Do you have any clothes _______ today, Sir?" asked the maid politely.
A. wash　              B. to be washed　　C. to wash　         D. to be washing
30. Mr. Green has never smoked any more since his wife _______ him _______.
A. suggested; to give it up 　                   B. persuaded; to give up it
C. advised; to give it up 　                      D. persuaded; to give it up　
31. No one enjoys _______ at.
A. laughing　 B. to laugh  C. being laughed　 D. to be laughed
32. You must do something to prevent your house _______.
A. to be broken in 　 B. from being broken in
C. to break in　　　　 D. from breaking in
33. They insisted on _______ another chance to try.
A. given　　　 B. giving　　 C. being given　 D. to be given
34. --- Where is my passport? I remember _______ it here.
--- You shouldn't have left it here. Remember _______ it with you all the time.
A. to put；to take　　 B. putting；taking
C. putting；to take　 D. to put；taking
35. His room needs _______, so he must have it _______.
A. painting；painted　 B. painted；painting
C. painting；painting　 D. painted；painted
36. After finishing his homework he went on _______ a letter to his parents.
A. write　　　 B. writing　　 C. wrote　　 D. to write
37. The young trees we planted last week require _______ with great care.
A. looking after　　　 B. to look after
C. to be looked after　 D. taken good care of
38. Only _______ English doesn't mean _______ the language.
A. to learn；to learn     B. learning；learning
C. learning about；learn  D. learning about；learning
39. She returned home only to find the door open and something _______.
A. missed　　 B. to be missing    C. missing　　 D. to be missed
40. She decided to devote herself _______ the problem of old age.
A. to study 　 B. studying  C. to studying   D. study
41. Remember _______ the newspaper when you have finished it.
A. putting back  B. put back  C. to put back 　 D. be put back
42. As she is looking forward to _______ from me, please remember _______ this letter on your way to school.
A. hear；post　　　　　　 B. hearing；to post
C. be heard；posting 　 D. be hearing；to posting
43. Grandma said that she had a lot of trouble _______ your handwriting.
A. to read　　　 B. to see　　　 C. reading　　 　 C. in seeing
44. Writing stories and articles _______ what I enjoy most.
A. is　　　 B. are　　　 C. was　　　 D. were
45. We appreciate _______ us to the ball.
A. them to invite　B. to invite  C. their inviting　 D. being invited
46. Would you mind _______ quiet for a moment? I'm trying _______ a form.
A. keeping；filling out    B. to keep；to fill out
C. keeping；to fill out    D. to keep；filling out
47. He was afraid _______ for being late.
A. of seeing　　 B. of being seen  C. to be seen　 D. to have seen
48. I'd like to suggest _______ the meeting till next week.
A. to put off 　 B. putting off  C. put off 　D. to be put off
49. .I don't see how I could possibly manage _______ the work without _______.
A. finish；helping    B. to finish；being helped
C. finishing；helping  D. finishing；being helped
50. Anything worth _______ is worthy of _______ well.
A. doing；being done    B. doing；doing
C. to be done；to be done    D. to be done；being done
51. We advised them to take a re 159 st, but they insisted _______ the work.
A. finish　　　 B. to finish　 C. in finishing D. on finishing
52. I delayed _______ your letter because I had been away for a week.
A. answer　　　 B. answering　　　 C. writing　　　 D. to post
53. The thief drove as fast as he could to escape _______ by the police.
A. to be caught　　 B. be caught  C. being caught 　 D. catching
54. I searched for my wallet and it wasn't there. At first, I thought I _______ it at home. Then I remembered _______ it out to pay for the taxi.
A. must have left；to take   B. may leave；taking
C. might leave；to take     D. could have left；taking
55. _______ the news of his father's death, he burst into tears.
A. After hearing 　 B. On hearing  C. While hearing　 D. Having heard
56. _______ his mother, the baby could not help _______.
A. To see；to laugh　 B. Seeing；to laugh
C. Seeing；laughing　 D. To see；laughing
57. It's no use _______ so much money on clothes.
A. spend　　　 B. spent　　 C. spending　　 D. being spent
58. The sentence needs _______.
A. improve　　B. a improvement  C. improving D. improved
59. If he succeeded _______ a job, his children wouldn't be suffering from hunger 　now.
A. to find　　 B. to look for   C. in finding　 D. in looking for
60. I still remember _______ to my home town when I was young.
A. taking　　　B. taken　 　C. being taken D. to take　
专项练习题参考答案
一、1.B　 2.C　 3.C　 4.A　 5.C　 6.A　 7.B　 8.D　 9.B　 10.C　 11.B　 12.C　 13.B　 14.B　 15.B　 16.C　 17.B　 18.C　 19.D　 20.A　 21.A　 22.A　 23.C　 24.C　 25.C　 26.B　 27.B　 28.C　 29.B　 30.D　31.C　 32.B　 33.C　 34.C　 35.A　 36.D　 37.A　 38.D　 39.C　 40.C　 41.C　42.B　43.C　44.A　45.C　46.C　47.B　48.B　49.B　50.A　 51.D　52.B　53.C　54.D　55.B　56.C　57.C　58.C　59.C　60.C