新编剑桥商务英语(高级)第三版1.doc

1.1 Working life
1 What does this quotation mean to you?
`Life is what happens to you while you're busy making other plans.'
john Lennon, English singer& song writer (1940-19830)
2 Discuss these questions.
1 How many jobs do you expect to have in your life ? 1-3 4-7 8or more
2 Would you prefer to be self-employed or an employee? Why ?
3 in fifteen years’ time, do you expect to work more or less than now ?
4 at what age do you expect to stop working ? 55 65 75
3Underline tire best word to complete each sentence.
1 At the moment, people generally retire/resign at 65
2 I joined/applied for the company when I was 25 and have worked there ever since
3 What's the best way to pay/reward our employees for good performance?
4 About 700 staff were laid off/dismissed when the company lost the contract to
supply Toyota
5 We have educated/trained our staff in the use of laser equipment.
6 I'm going to leave/change the company at the end of the year.
7 E and C Consultants recruits/employs from the top business schools.
8 Companies need to offer parents of young children more flexible/overtime hours-
9 they used only to offer permanent posts, but now most new contracts are
temporary/part-time ones.
10 I have one day off/ holiday a week to attend a course at college.
4 Make sentences with the words you didnt use in Exercise 3.
5 Make nouns from thefollowing verbs.

verb
noun
verb
noun
1 employ

6 recruit

2 promote

7 apply

3 retire

8 dismiss

4 resign

9 pay

5 train

10 reward

Attitude to work
6 Do you think that people starting work now have a different attitude to work than
their parents did? if so, in what ways?
7 Look at the newspaper article and read the title. What does the title suggest to you?
Read the article arid check if you were r fight.
Young workers Want it all, now
Oh, and they’ll need to take next Friday off ,too
TETROIT一Kurt Jennings, hoping to start a career in radio sales, thought he
was prepared to answer any question during his recent interview. Then the
radio executive opened the interview with, `So, we call you guys the Entitlement Generation". You imagine you're entitled to everything.'
There is an impression that the current generation of young workers has high
expectations for salary, responsibility and job flexibility, but little appetite
for hard work and little sense of loyalty to a company
`A lot of twenty-somethings have a hard time making the transition to work typically Kids who've had success early in life and who've become used to getting instant gratification,' says Dr. Levi Cohen, a peadiatrics professor. He says that coddling parents and colleges often fail to prepare students for the realities of adulthood and working life.
Many employers, from corporate executives to restaurateurs, agree.
`It seems they expect to hove in then first week everything that the veteran has
worked 20 or 30 years to earn,' says Mike Amor, the owner of a Salt Lake
City chain of restaurants.
Kurt had this reply 'for his interviewee at the radio station: `Maybe we were
spoiled by your Generation. But "entitled" is too strong a word,' he said. `Do we
think we're deserving if we're doing to go out there and break our backs for you'?
Yes..'
He ended up getting the-job.
But some experts say that' having high
expectations, and tellin}} your boss what they are, isn't necessarily a bad thing.
`It's true they're not all rushing to bury themselves in a cubicle a}记follow orders for the next 40 years, but why on earth should they?' asks .leaf Bartlctt, a University of Carolina psychologist
8 Do you think the younger generation is spoiled and expects too much? .or do you think the older generation sacrificed their lives (and fun in their lives) for work?
9 What do the following phrases from the text mean?
1 little appetite for hard work
2 twenty-somethings
3 instant gratification
4 coddling parents and colleges
5 we were spoiled by your generation
6 break our backs for you
7 bury themselves in a cubicle
Gerund and infinitive

1 Which of the verbs or phrases in the box take the gerund (-ing) and which ones
take to infinitive (to do)?

Be good at plan/intend /aim be worth fail be reluctant
have trouble/difficulty hope/expect manage succeed in
decide think about/consider enjoy avoid involve have
be used to/accustomed to be willing/prepared

2 Which of the following pairs of phrases is the odd one out grammatically? Why?

1 be good at一be bad at
2 be willing一be reluctant
3 succeed in一fail
4 enjoy一dislike

3 Complete these sentences.
0 when I retire, I plan to do some voluntary work for charity
1 When I retire, I plan…
2 I think I'm quite good at…
3 Before attending a job interview, it's worth…
4 My job involves…
5 When speaking English, I often have difficulty…
6 At work I feel satisfied if I manage…
7 For my summer holiday this year, I am considering…
8 If I was offered more money, I would be willing…
9 The hardest thing about starting a new job is getting used to…
10 I get annoyed with colleagues if they fail…

4 Choose five of the phrases

working life.
in exercise 1 and make sentences about your own working life

The future of human resources
5 You will hear five human resources (HR) manages0s talking shout the key
issues in human resources facing companies today.
·The first time you listen, indicate which employee group in the workforce they are talking about.
·The second time you listen indicate what actions they propose to take to deal with each issue.

TASK ONE一EMPLOYEE GROUP

A older employees (50-GO)
B new recruits
C trainees
D senior management
E young highly qualified employees
F women
G retired employees
H disabled workers

A efforts to retain good employees
B the introduction of more flexible working
arrangements
C linlting salaries more closely to results
D more focus on job training for employees
E encouraging people back from retirement
F more support for working parents
G developing a more positive attitude
towards older workers
H reducing staff costs

6 You've heard the priorities of HR managers. What are your priorities for your
working life? Consider the following:
.flexible hours
·working environment
.pay
。training
.career prospects
.retirement

CDs and personal summaries

1 What do you call someone who
0 employs people
1 is employed by a inn
2 applies for a job
3 is interviewed for a job
4 is seeking (looking for) a job
5 participates in something
6 has left university with a degree

2 Do this exercise from an online guide for employers.
Guide for employers
CVs and covering letters are essential tools in the search for
the right candidate for the job and you should use them as a
snapshot of a potential candidate. Being able to read
between the lines will help you in your task of putting the right
person in the right job. Look at these three examples of
personal summaries from first- time job applicants received by
a leading consultancy firm. Which applicant would you
employ and vvhy?

1 A dynamic and knowledgeable IT graduate who can bring
success to your business, I have excellent interpersonal skills
and considerable experience of designing software solutions.
Whether working as part of a team or independently, I have
the ability to come up with the goods.

2 I am a successful business entrepreneur seeking to return to a
large organisation after years of running my own company. I
have experience of all aspects of business and would welcome
the chance to share this expertise with clients of a forward-
looking consultancy firm.

3 A self-motivated graduate with a masters in economics, I have
pre-course experience in the Economic Studies department of
a subsidiary of Exxon Mobil, where I enjoyed six months
working with the back office team. Adaptable, efficient and
keen to learn.
The anonymous CD
3 Underline which elements should definitely he included in a CV (the other are
`optioagal c:xtra}').
1 name 11 goads and objectives
2 address 12 education一primary, secondary, higher education
3 telephone number 13 other skills or qualifications (membership of
associations, driving licence, etc)
4 email address
5 age/date of birth
6 sex
7 marital status
8 nationality
9 personal summary
10 personal qualities
14 employment history一company, job title
responsibilities, results
15 hobbies and interests
16 languages
17 references
18 personal achievements

4 Read the first part of the text. what is the idea behind an anonymous CV?
Geneva fights prejudice with anonymous CVs

Prospective employees in Geneva are to send
in anonymous job applications as part of a
pilot project to tackle discrimination.
The trial, the lust of its kind in Switzerland,
has been launched by the canton"s integration
office and involves three major employers.
Retailer Migros, energy provider SIG and
the commune of Vernier have all signed up to
participate in the scheme.
Under the terms of the project, which will
last for three months, job-seekers will send in
CVs detailing their skills and experience but
omitting their name, address, age, sex, any
religion or disability and photo
The aim is to give all applicants an equal
chance of being called up for interview.
`It is impossible to quantify but we know
there is much more discrimination than we are
aware of. There are some unemployed people
who are not abetting interviews because they
are of a different nationality, colour or
religion,' Andre Castella, head of the project,
Cold Swissinfo.
`The important thing is that candidates who
have the right skills for a job should be seen,
and we want to give them the chance to be
heard. There are employers out there who
refuse to consider Africans’

5 Read the second 1]art of the text and put one word in each space.
Castella said another aim of the trial was to
encourage employers (0)and the public to
talk about discrimination and to raise
awareness about the scale of injustice
He added that the idea of anonymous CVs
had already been tested in prance where the
country's National Assembly is clue to
consider making the practice mandatory for
all firms (1)_more than 50
employees.
Jean-Charles Bruttomesso. Director of
Human Resources at Micros Geneva, said all
applications for positions until June 30
(2)—be considered purely on the
basis of skills and experience. I-le noted that
the retailer's involvement in the project was
part of ongoing equal opportunity efforts.
`This initiative is an occasion for
(3)_of us to think about our
prejudices and other preconceived ideas and
question them ' he said.
Those behind the scheme admit that an
anonymous CV will (4)—rule out
the possibility of discrimination once a
candidate arrives for an interview but they
stress (5)—It is an important first
step. The launch of tile pilot project forms part
of the canton's week-long series of events
(6)_racism and discrimination.

6 Do you think this initiative will be effective in eliminating discrimination 13y
employers?

7